Clinical Manifestations of Cannabis Use Disorder Alan J. Budney, Jacob T. Borodovsky, and Ashley A. Knapp C Springer Nature Switzerland AG 2019 Introduction : Cannabis use disorder (CUD) or its colloquial synonym, cannabis addiction, remains controversial in that many in the general public believe that cannabis use does not pose substantial risk for harm and is not addictive in the same sense that tobacco, alcohol, cocaine, or heroin is addictive. Although assessment of people’s beliefs about addiction and harm is complicated by the lack of a consensus definition or a common understanding of addiction, the difference in perception of risk between cannabis and other [...]
Lire la suiteOral Cannabidiol Use in Children With Autism Spectrum Disorder to Treat Related Symptoms and Co-morbidities BARCHEL D., STOLAR O., De-HAAN T., ZIV-BARAN T., SABAN N., FUCHS D.O., KOREN G., BERKOVITCH M. Frontiers in Pharmacology, 2019, 9, 1521. doi : 10.3389/fphar.2018.01521, PMID : 30687090 Objective: Children with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) commonly exhibit comorbid symptoms such as aggression, hyperactivity and anxiety. Several studies are being conducted worldwide on cannabidiol use in ASD; however, these studies are still ongoing, and data on the effects of its use is very limited. In this study we aimed to report the experience of parents who administer, under supervision, oral [...]
Lire la suiteCannabis and Mood Disorders Aliya M. Lucatch, Alexandria S. Coles, Kevin P. Hill & Tony P. George Current Addiction Reports, 2018 Sep, 5, 3, 336-345. doi: 10.1007/s40429-018-0214-y. Epub 2018 May 10. # Springer International Publishing AG, part of Springer Nature 2018 Abstract : Purpose of Review : The present review will provide an overview of the neurobiology, epidemiology, clinical impact, and treatment of cannabis use disorder (CUD) in mood disorders. Recent Findings : Patients with mood disorders including major depressive disorder (MDD) and bipolar disorder (BD) have higher rates of cannabis use, and CUD compared to the general population. Reasons for this association are not clear, nor [...]
Lire la suiteCannabis use and mental health: risks and benefits Wayne HALL, · Eva HOCH, · Valentina LORENZETTI European Archives of Psychiatry and Clinical Neuroscience, february 2019 https://doi.org/10.1007/s00406-019-00986-2 © Springer-Verlag GmbH Germany, part of Springer Nature 2019 In public debates about cannabis policy, two competing claims are often made about how cannabis use may affect mental health. One is that cannabis use by young adults and vulnerable individuals across the lifespan can be a contributory cause of : a cannabis dependence syndrome; schizophreniform psychoses; anxiety and depressive disorders; acute and perhaps chronic cognitive impairment, and structural and functional changes in brain pathways implicated in reward, learning and [...]
Lire la suiteEmerging Trends in Cannabis Administration Among Adolescent Cannabis Users Ashley A. KNAPP, Dustin C. LEE, Jacob BORODOVSKY, Alan J. BUDNEY et al. Journal of Adolescent Health, July 2017 ABSTRACT Purpose : The legal landscape of cannabis availability and use in the United States is rapidly changing. As the heterogeneity of cannabis products andmethods of use increases, more information is needed on how these changes affect use, especially in vulnerable populations suchas youth. Methods : A national sample of adolescents aged 14-18 years (N=2,630) were recruited on line through advertisements displayed on Facebook and Instagram to complete a survey on cannabis. The survey assessed patterns of [...]
Lire la suiteLes méta-analyses et le cannabis, ou la négation du savoir clinique 21 Septembre 2011 Dr. Christian Sueur, Psychiatre, praticien hospitalier http://tdme.free.fr/?p=2730#annot8 A l’ère des méta-analyses, la clinique psychiatrique bat de l’aile…., Ce que l’on peut lire aujourd’hui sur les « dangers du cannabis » fournit un exemple étonnant de cette perte du savoir clinique. Et pourtant, bien des « méta-analystes » qui parfois, n’ont jamais vu un patient, sans vergogne, « disent le vrai », et emportent l’opinion avec eux, opinion et journalistes qui se font l’écho de ses assertions, sans même émettre la moindre critique vis-à-vis de ces « chiffres » érigés en « [...]
Lire la suiteAntidépresseur-like effect induced by Cannabidiol is dependent on brain serotonin levels. A.J. Sales, C. C. Crestani, F. S. Guimaraes, S. R.L. Joca, Progress in Neuropsychopharmacology & Biological Psychiatry, 2018 Aug 30; 86: 255-261. Doi: 10.1016/j.pnpbp.2018.06.002 https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/29885468 PMID : 29885468 Abstract Cannabidiol (CBD) is a compound of Cannabis sativa with relevant therapeutic potential in several neuropsychiatric disorders including depression. CBD treatment has shown significant antidepressant-like effects in different rodent preclinical models. However, the mechanisms involved in CBD-induced antidepressant effects are still poorly understood. Therefore, this work aimed at investigating the participation of serotonin (5-HT) and/or noradrenaline (NA) in CBD-induced antidepressant-like effects in [...]
Lire la suiteCannabis and the Anxiety of Fragmentation - A Systems Approach for Finding an Anxiolytic Cannabis Chemotype, B. S. Kamal, F. Kamal, D. E. Lantela, Frontiers in Neuroscience, 2018, 12, article 730. https://doi.org/10.3389/fnins.2018.00730 Abstract : Cannabis sativa is a medicinal herb with a diverse range of chemotypes that can exert both anxiolytic and anxiogenic effects on humans. Medical cannabis patients receiving organically grown cannabis from a single source were surveyed about the effectiveness of cannabis for treating anxiety. Patients rated cannabis as highly effective overall for treating anxiety with an average score of 8.03 on a Likert scale of 0 to 10 (0 = not effective, [...]
Lire la suiteThe Endocannabinoid System as A Target for Novel Anxiolytic and Antidepressant Drugs, Chapter 5 S. Gaetani, P. Dipasquale, A. Romano, L. Righetti, T. Cassano, D. Piomelli, V. Cuomo, International Review of Neurobiology, 2009, 85, 57-72 DOI: 10.1016/S0074-7742(09)85005-8 https://www.researchgate.net/publication/26675793_Chapter_5_The_Endocannabinoid_System_as_A_Target_for_Novel_Anxiolytic_and_Antidepressant_Drugs I. The Endogenous Cannabinoid System II. Endocannabinoid Role in Emotional Reactivity and Mood Tone III. EVects of Exogenously Administered Cannabinoid Agonists and Antagonists IV. Enhancement of the Endogenous Cannabinoid Tone V. Faah-Knockout Phenotype VI. Conclusions References Observational studies in humans suggest that exposure to marijuana and other cannabis-derived drugs produces a wide range of subjective eVects on mood tone and emotionality. These observations have their counterpart in animal studies, showing that cannabinoid agonists strongly [...]
Lire la suiteThe endocannabinoid system as a target for novel anxiolytic drugs S. Patel, M.N. Hill, J.F. Cheer, C.T. Wotjak, A. Holmes, Neuroscience and Biobehavioral Reviews, 2017, 76, 56-66. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.neubiorev.2016.12.033 Abstract The endocannabinoid (eCB) system has attracted attention for its role in various behavioral and brain functions, and as a therapeutic target in neuropsychiatric disease states, including anxiety disorders and other conditions resulting from dysfunctional responses to stress. In this mini-review, we highlight components of the eCB system that offer potential ‘druggable’ targets for new anxiolytic medications, emphasizing some of the less well-discussed options. We discuss how selectively amplifying eCBs recruitment by interfering with eCB-degradation, via fatty [...]
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