Some distorted thoughts about ketamine as a psychedelic and a novel hypothesis based on NMDA receptor-mediated synaptic plasticity Rachael Ingram, Heather Kang, Stafford Lightman, David E. Jane, Zuner A. Bortolotto, Graham L. Collingridge, David Lodge, Arturas Volianskis Neuropharmacology, 2018, 142, 30e40 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.neuropharm.2018.06.008 Abstract Ketamine, a channel blocking NMDA receptor antagonist, is used off-label for its psychedelic effects, which may arise from a combination of several inter-related actions. Firstly, reductions of the contribution of NMDA receptors to afferent information from external and internal sensory inputs may distort sensations and their processing in higher brain centres. Secondly, reductions of NMDA receptormediated excitation of GABAergic interneurons can result in [...]
Lire la suiteCase report : A case of β-carboline alkaloid intoxication following ingestion of Peganum harmala seed extract Giampietro Frison, Donata Favretto, Flavio Zancanaro, Giorgio Fazzin, Santo Davide Ferrara Forensic Science International, 2008, 179, e37–e43 doi:10.1016/j.forsciint.2008.05.003 Abstract b-Carboline alkaloids harmine, harmaline, and tetrahydroharmine can stimulate the central nervous system by inhibiting the metabolism of amine neurotransmitters, or by direct interaction with specific receptors; they are found in numerous plants, including Peganum harmala, Passiflora incarnata and Banisteriopsis caapi, and in the entheogen preparation Ayahuasca, which is traditionally brewed using B. caapi to enhance the activity of amine hallucinogenic drugs. The ingestion of plant preparations containing b-carboline alkaloids may [...]
Lire la suiteCannabidiol as a potential treatment for psychosis Cathy Davies and Sagnik Bhattacharyya Therapeutic Advances in Psychopharmacology, 2019, Vol. 9, 1–16 https://doi.org/10.1177%2F2045125319881916 Abstract : Psychotic disorders such as schizophrenia are heterogeneous and often debilitating conditions that contribute substantially to the global burden of disease. The introduction of dopamine D2 receptor antagonists in the 1950s revolutionised the treatment of psychotic disorders and they remain the mainstay of our treatment arsenal for psychosis. However, traditional antipsychotics are associated with a number of side effects and a significant proportion of patients do not achieve an adequate remission of symptoms. There is therefore a need for novel interventions, particularly those with a non-D2 antagonist mechanism of [...]
Lire la suiteCannabidiol as a potential treatment for psychosis C.D. Schubart, I.E.C. Sommer, P. Fusar-Poli, L. de Witte, R.S. Kahn, M.P.M. Boks European Neuropsychopharmacology, 2014, 24 ,(1), 51–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.euroneuro.2013.11.002 Abstract Although cannabis use is associated with an increased risk of developing psychosis, the cannabis constituent cannabidiol (CBD) may have antipsychotic properties. This review concisely describes the role of the endocannabinoid system in the development of psychosis and provides an overview of currently available animal, human experimental, imaging, epidemiological and clinical studies that investigated the antipsychotic properties of CBD. In this targeted literature review we performed a search for English articles using Medline and EMBASE. Studies were selected if [...]
Lire la suiteAlkaloids Derived from Tryptophan : Harmine and Related Alkaloids T. D. Nikam, K. M. Nitnaware, and M. L. Ahire chapter 19, in K.G. Ramawat, J.M. Merillon (eds.), Natural Products, # Springer-Verlag, Berlin Heidelberg, 2013 Doi : 10.1007/978-3-642-22144-6_20 Contents 1 Synonyms . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 554 2 [...]
Lire la suiteMedical use of cannabis. Cannabidiol: a new light for schizophrenia ? Serena Deiana Drug Testing and Analysis, 2013, 5, (1), 46-51 doi: 10.1002/dta.1425. Abstract The medical properties of cannabis have been known for many centuries; its first documented use dates back to 2800 BC when it was described for its hallucinogenic and pain-relieving properties. In the first half of the twentieth century, a number of pharmaceutical companies marked cannabis for indications such as asthma and pain, but since then its use has sharply declined, mainly due to its unpredictable effects, but also for socio-political issues. Recently, great attention has been directed to the medical properties [...]
Lire la suiteA Systematic Review on the Pharmacokinetics of Cannabidiol in Humans Sophie A. Millar, Nicole L. Stone, Andrew S. Yates and Saoirse E. O’Sullivan Frontiers in Pharmacology, 26 November 2018 https://doi.org/10.3389/fphar.2018.01365 Background : Cannabidiol is being pursued as a therapeutic treatment for multiple conditions, usually by oral delivery. Animal studies suggest oral bioavailability is low, but literature in humans is not sufficient. The aim of this review was to collate published data in this area. Methods : A systematic search of PubMed and EMBASE (including MEDLINE) was conducted to retrieve all articles reporting pharmacokinetic data of CBD in humans. Results : Of 792 articles retireved, 24 included [...]
Lire la suiteThe Potential of Cannabidiol Treatment for Cannabis Users With Recent-Onset Psychosis Britta Hahn Schizophrenia Bulletin, 2018, vol. 44, no. 1, 46–53 doi:10.1093/schbul/sbx105 A major factor associated with poor prognostic outcome after a first psychotic break is cannabis misuse, which is prevalent in schizophrenia and particularly common in individuals with recent-onset psychosis. Behavioral interventions aimed at reducing cannabis use have been unsuccessful in this population. Cannabidiol (CBD) is a phytocannabinoid found in cannabis, although at low concentrations in modern-day strains. CBD has a broad pharmacological profile, but contrary to Δ9-tetrahydrocannabinol (THC), CBD does not activate CB1 or CB2 receptors and has at most subtle subjective [...]
Lire la suitePreclinical and Clinical Evidence Supporting Use of Cannabidiol in Psychiatry Gioacchino Calapai, Carmen Mannucci, Ioanna Chinou, Luigi Cardia, Fabrizio Calapai, Emanuela Elisa Sorbara, Bernardo Firenzuoli, Valdo Ricca, Gian Franco Gensini and Fabio Firenzuoli Hindawi - Evidence-Based Complementary and Alternative Medicine, 2019, Article ID 2509129, 11 pages https://doi.org/10.1155/2019/2509129 Background : Cannabidiol (CBD) is a major chemical compound present in Cannabis sativa. CBD is a nonpsychotomimetic substance, and it is considered one of the most promising candidates for the treatment of psychiatric disorders. Objective. &e aim of this review is to illustrate the state of art about scientific research and the evidence of effectiveness of CBD [...]
Lire la suiteNotes from the Field : Acute Poisonings from a Synthetic Cannabinoid Sold as Cannabidiol — Utah, 2017–2018 Roberta Z. Horth, Barbara Crouch, B. Zane Horowitz, Amelia Prebish, Matthew Slawson, Jennifer McNair, Chris Elsholz, Stephen Gilley, Jenny Robertson, Ilene Risk, Mary Hill, Linnea Fletcher, Wei Hou, Dallin Peterson, Karlee Adams, Dagmar Vitek, Allyn Nakashima, Angela Dunn MMWR / May 25, 2018 / Vol. 67 / No. 20 US Department of Health and Human Services/Centers for Disease Control and Prevention On December 8, 2017, the Utah Poison Control Center (UPCC) notified the Utah Department of Health (UDOH) of reports of emergency department visits associated with reported [...]
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