Auteur/autrice : GRECC

Medicinal Use of Synthetic Cannabinoids—a Mini Review , P. Muralidhar Reddy et al., 2019

Medicinal Use of Synthetic Cannabinoids—a Mini Review P. Muralidhar Reddy, Nancy Maurya & Bharath Kumar Velmurugan Current Pharmacology Reports, 2019 https://doi.org/10.1007/s40495-018-0165-y   Abstract Purpose of Review : This review gives an overview of the medicinal uses of synthetic cannabinoids and other related aspects on the basis of recent as well as earlier studies that the authors considered relevant to the context and scope of the review. Recent Findings Synthetic cannabinoids are laboratory synthesized products eliciting effects way more than their natural counterparts. These compounds are more potent in generating intoxicating effects and are also difficult to be detected in conventional screening tests. Their clinical side effects are also more pronounced than [...]

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Long-Term Safety, Tolerability, and Efficacy of Cannabidiol in Children with Refractory Epilepsy : Results from an Expanded Access Program in the US, Tristan T. Sands et al., 2018

Long-Term Safety, Tolerability, and Efficacy of Cannabidiol in Children with Refractory Epilepsy: Results from an Expanded Access Program in the US Tristan T. Sands, Shahryar Rahdari, Michael S. Oldham, Eduardo Caminha Nunes, Nicole Tilton & Maria Roberta Cilio CNS Drugs, 2018 DOI : 10.1007/s40263-018-0589-2    Abstract Background : Purified cannabidiol is a new antiepileptic drug that has recently been approved for use in patients with Lennox–Gastaut and Dravet syndromes, but most published studies have not extended beyond 12–16 weeks. Objective :  The objective of this study was to evaluate the long-term safety, tolerability, and efficacy of cannabidiol in children with epilepsy. Methods : Patients aged 1–17 years with refractory epilepsy were enrolled in an open-label [...]

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Neuroprotection by cannabidiol and hypothermia in a piglet model of newborn hypoxic-ischemic brain damage, Lorena Barata⁠ et al., 2018

Neuroprotection by cannabidiol and hypothermia in a piglet model of newborn hypoxic-ischemic brain damage Lorena Barata⁠a, ⁠ Luis Arruza⁠, Maria-José Rodríguez⁠, Esther Aleo⁠, Eva Vierge⁠, Enrique Criado⁠, Elena Sobrino⁠, Carlos Vargas⁠, María Ceprián⁠⁠,  Ana Gutiérrez-Rodríguez⁠, William Hind⁠, José Martínez-Orgado⁠ Neuropharmacology, 2018. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.neuropharm.2018.11.020   A B S T R A C T Objective : Hypothermia, the gold standard after a hypoxic-ischemic insult, is not beneficial in all treated newborns. Cannabidiol is neuroprotective in animal models of newborn hypoxic-ischemic encephalopathy. This study compared the relative efficacies of cannabidiol and hypothermia in newborn hypoxic-ischemic piglets and assessed whether addition of cannabidiol augments hypothermic neuroprotection. Methods : One day-old HI (carotid clamp and FiO⁠2 10% for 20min) [...]

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Neurocognition and Subjective Experience Following Acute Doses of the Synthetic Cannabinoid JWH-018 : Responders Versus Nonresponders, Eef L. Theunissen et al., 2019

Neurocognition and Subjective Experience Following Acute Doses of the Synthetic Cannabinoid JWH-018 : Responders Versus Nonresponders Eef L. Theunissen, Nadia R.P.W. Hutten, Natasha L. Mason, Stefan W. Toennes, Kim P.C. Kuypers, and Johannes G. Ramaekers Cannabis and Cannabinoid Research, Volume 4, Number 1, 2019 Mary Ann Liebert, Inc.    DOI: 10.1089/can.2018.0047 Abstract Introduction : Synthetic cannabinoid mixtures have been easily accessible for years, leading to the belief that these products were natural and harmless, which contributed to their popularity. Nevertheless, there are many reports of users ending up in hospital due to severe side effects such as tachycardia, aggression, and psychosis. Controlled studies on the effects of synthetic cannabinoids on [...]

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Cannabis‐based products for pediatric epilepsy : A systematic review, Jesse Elliott et al., 2018

Cannabis‐based products for pediatric epilepsy : A systematic review Jesse Elliott, Deirdre DeJean, Tammy Clifford, Doug Coyle, Beth K. Potter, Becky Skidmore, Christine Alexander, Alexander E. Repetski, Vijay Shukla, Bláthnaid McCoy, George A. Wells, Epilepsia, 2018, 1-14. DOI: 10.1111/epi.14608   Summary Objective : To assess the benefits and harms of cannabis‐based products for pediatric epilepsy. Methods : We identified in this living systematic review randomized controlled trials (RCTs) and nonrandomized studies (NRSs) involving children with epilepsy treated with cannabis‐based products. We searched MEDLINE, Embase, PsycINFO, Cochrane Library, and gray literature (April 25, 2018). The primary outcome was seizure freedom; secondary outcomes were seizure frequency (total, ≥50% reduction), quality of life, sleep, status epilepticus, death, gastrointestinal adverse [...]

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Cannabis, Robert Hämmig, Ulrich W. Preuss und Michael Soyka, 2019

Cannabis  Robert Hämmig, Ulrich W. Preuss und Michael Soyka  January 2019 DOI: 10.1016/B978-3-437-23021-9.00009-6    Kernaussagen  ● Die Cannabispflanze, welche die Menschheit seit Jahrtausenden begleitet, wird vi elfältig genutzt:  ○ als Lieferant für Fasern zur Herstellung von Tüchern, Schnüren, Seilen und Papier,  ○ als Nahrungsmittel (Samenkörner und Öl),  ○ als Medizin für Mensch und Tier sowie als Genussmittel.  ● Im 19. Jh. hielt Cannabis Einzug in die moderne westliche Medizin und wurde auch als „Freizeitdroge“ genutzt. Aus dieser Zeit stammen detaillierte phänomenologische Bes chreibungen der Effekte. Noch blieb aber der Wirkmechanismus völlig unklar.  ● Die erste Hälfte des 20. Jh. ist das „dunkle Zeitalter“ des Cannabis, in dem das Fors chungsinteresse erlahmte. [...]

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Rapid and sustained symptom reduction following psilocybin treatment for anxiety and depression in patients with life-threatening cancer : a randomized controlled trial, Stephen Ross et al., 2016

Rapid and sustained symptom reduction following psilocybin treatment for anxiety and depression in patients with life-threatening cancer : a randomized controlled trial ROSS S., BOSSIS A., GUSS J., AGIN-LIEBES G., MALONE T., COHEN B., MENNENGA S.E., BELSER A., KALLIONTZI K., BABB J., SU Z., CORBY P., SCHMIDT B.L. Journal of Psychopharmacology, 2016, 30, 12, 1165-1180 DOI: 10.1177/0269881116675512      jop.sagepub.com   Abstract Background : Clinically significant anxiety and depression are common in patients with cancer, and are associated with poor psychiatric and medical outcomes. Historical and recent research suggests a role for psilocybin to treat cancer-related anxiety and depression. Methods : In this double-blind, placebo-controlled, crossover trial, 29 patients [...]

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Psilocybin produces substantial and sustained decreases in depression and anxiety in patients with life-threatening cancer : A randomized double-blind trial, Roland D. Griffiths et al., 2016

Psilocybin produces substantial and sustained decreases in depression and anxiety in patients with life-threatening cancer : A randomized double-blind trial GRIFFITHS R.R., JOHNSON M.W., CARDUCCI M.A., UMBRICHT A., RICHARDS W.A., RICHARDS B.D., COSIMANO M.P., KLINEDINST M.A. Journal of Psychopharmacology, 2016, 30, 12, 1181–1197. DOI: 10.1177/0269881116675513       jop.sagepub.com   Abstract Cancer patients often develop chronic, clinically significant symptoms of depression and anxiety. Previous studies suggest that psilocybin may decrease depression and anxiety in cancer patients. The effects of psilocybin were studied in 51 cancer patients with life-threatening diagnoses and symptoms of depression and/or anxiety. This randomized, double-blind, cross-over trial investigated the effects of a very low (placebo-like) dose [...]

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Increased nature relatedness and decreased authoritarian political views after psilocybin for treatment-resistant depression, Taylor Lyons, Robin L. Carhart-Harris, 2018

Increased nature relatedness and decreased authoritarian political views after psilocybin for treatment-resistant depression LYONS T., CARHART-HARRIS R.L. Journal of Psychopharmacology, 2018, 32, 7, 811-819. Doi : 10.1177/0269881117748902   journals.sagepub.com/home/jop   Abstract Rationale : Previous research suggests that classical psychedelic compounds can induce lasting changes in personality traits, attitudes and beliefs in both healthy subjects and patient populations. Aim : Here we sought to investigate the effects of psilocybin on nature relatedness and libertarian authoritarian political perspective in patients with treatment-resistant depression (TRD). Methods : This open-label pilot study with a mixed-model design studied the effects of psilocybin on measures of nature relatedness and libertarian– authoritarian political perspective in patients with [...]

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Effects of psilocybin therapy on personnality structure, D. Erritzoe et al., 2018

Effects of psilocybin therapy on personnality structure ERRITZOE D., ROSEMAN L., NOUR M.M., MacLEAN K., KAELEN M., NUTT D.J., CARHART-HARRIS R.L. Acta Psychiatrica Scandinavica, 2018, 1-11. DOI : 10.1111/acps.12904 .   Objective : To explore whether psilocybin with psychological support modulates personality parameters in patients suffering from treatment-resistant depression (TRD). Method : Twenty patients with moderate or severe, unipolar, TRD received oral psilocybin (10 and 25 mg, one week apart) in a supportive setting. Personality was assessed at baseline and at 3-month follow-up using the Revised NEO Personality Inventory (NEO-PI-R), the subjective psilocybin experience with Altered State of Consciousness (ASC) scale, and depressive symptoms with QIDS-SR16. Results : [...]

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