Ayahuasca : Uses, Phytochemical and Biological Activities Edgar Antonio Estrella‑Parra · Julio Cesar Almanza‑Pérez · Francisco Javier Alarcón‑Aguilar Natural Products and Bioprospecting, 2019, 9, 251–265 doi : 10.1007/s13659-019-0210-5 Abstract Ayahuasca (caapi, yajé), is a psychoactive brew from the Amazon Basin region of South America traditionally considered a “master plant.” It is prepared as a decoction from Banisteriopsis caapi and Psychotria viridis, which it is thought that it stimulates creative thinking and visual creativity. Native healers of the Orinoco and Amazon basins have used traditionally ayahuasca as a healing tool for multiple purposes, particularly to treat psychological disorders in the patients, with some beneficial effects experimentally [...]
Lire la suiteA phenomenology of subjectively relevant experiences induced by ayahuasca in Upper Amazon vegetalismo tourism Tom John Wolff, Simon Ruffell, Nigel Netzband and Torsten Passie Journal of Psychedelic Studies, 2018 Doi : 10.1556/2054.2019.007 Aims : This heuristic study reports observations on the phenomenology of ayahuasca experiences of nine foreign tourist participants of an ayahuasca retreat in Peru. Methods : Narrative interviews, reflecting individual experiences after ayahuasca “night ceremony,” have been analyzed by qualitative content analysis using a data-driven strategy in order to extract themes and categories inherent in the interviews. Previously, a demographic questionnaire was given. The dose–response connection was uncontrolled, which is typical for this [...]
Lire la suiteSense of reality, metacognition and culture in schizophrenic and drug-induced hallucinations : An interdisciplinary approach Martin Fortier In J. Proust & M. Fortier (Eds.) : "Metacognitive Diversity : An Interdisciplinary Approach", 2018. Oxford/New York, Oxford University Press. Abstract Hallucinations possess two main components : (i) a sensory content; and (ii) a sense that the sensory content is real. Influential models of schizophrenic hallucination claim that both the sensory content and the sense of reality can be explained in terms of metacognitive dysfunction. This chapter assesses whether such a claim holds for schizophrenic and drug-induced hallucinations; it further attempts to determine the actual role of metacognition [...]
Lire la suiteDistribution, Status, Pharmacological, and Traditional importance of Peganum harmala L. Nissar Ahmad Khan, Aamir Raina, Nasir Aziz Wagay, Younas Rasheed Tantray International Journal of Advance research in Science and Engineering, 2017, 6, (8), 1887-1894. www.ijarse.com ABSTRACT Peganum harmala L. Commonly known as Syrian rue, Wild rue or Harmal is native to arid and semi-arid regions of Northern African and Asian deserts that have spread to parts of the southwestern United States and Northern Mexico. It is a multipurpose medicinal plant with antimicrobial, antifungal, anti inflammatory, antidiabetic, anti cancerous, hypothermic and hallucinogenic activities. Phytochemical investigations has revealed the presences of a number of active alkaloids [...]
Lire la suiteRevisiting Wasson’s Soma : Exploring the Effects of Preparation on the Chemistry of Amanita muscaria. Kevin FEENEY Journal of Psychoactive Drugs, 2010, 42, (4), 499-506 In 1968 R. Gordon Wasson first proposed his groundbreaking theory identifying Soma, the hallucinogenic sacrament of the Vedas, as the classic spotted fairy tale mushroom – Amanita muscaria. While Wasson’s theory is compelling on many levels he neglected to explain how the pressing and filtering of Soma, as described in the Rig Veda, supported his theory of Soma’s identity. This omission has led to several criticisms of his theory, including: (1) that such an elaborate process of extraction [...]
Lire la suiteHallucinogen Persistent Perception Disorder Induced by New Psychoactive Substituted Phenethylamines; A Review with Illustrative Case Cornel N. Stanciu and Thomas M. Penders Current Psychiatry Reviews, 2016, Vol. 12, No. 2, 1-3. DOI: 10.2174/1573400512666160216234850 Abstract : Hallucinogen Persistent Perception Disorder (HPPD) is considered an “uncommon” disorder described in association with use of hallucinogens such as LSD, mescaline and psilocybin. Despite multiple mentions of persistence of visual disturbances reported by users on online forums, clinicians may not be aware of this complication. There have been few descriptions of HPPD in association with use of new psychoactive substances (such as 2C-E). Increasing use of these designer stimulants places [...]
Lire la suiteReefer Madness : A Case of Cannabis-Induced Psychosis Matthew C. Ballenberger, Robert D. Glatter, Daniel P. Klein, Steven Mandel, Medscape Psychiatry, August 15, 2019 Clinical Presentation A 32-year-old woman with a history of iron-deficiency anemia was brought in by ambulance because of altered mental status. The patient's sister and boyfriend reported that 1 day before presentation, the patient had ingested a marijuana edible and a few hours later developed fatigue and nausea, followed by at least 15 episodes of nonbloody, nonbilious, projectile vomiting throughout the night. In the morning, she became very pale, her lips turned blue, and she became stiff, losing consciousness for [...]
Lire la suiteThe “Endless Trip” among the NPS Users : Psychopathology and Psychopharmacology in the Hallucinogen-Persisting Perception Disorder. A Systematic Review Laura Orsolini, Gabriele Duccio Papanti, Domenico De Berardis, Amira Guirguis, John Martin Corkery and Fabrizio Schifano Frontiers in Psychiatry, 2017, Vol. 8, article 240 doi: 10.3389/fpsyt.2017.00240 Hallucinogen-persisting perception disorder (HPPD) is a syndrome characterized by prolonged or reoccurring perceptual symptoms, reminiscent of acute hallucinogen effects. HPPD was associated with a broader range of LSD (lysergic acid diethylamide)-like substances, cannabis, methylenedioxy-methamphetamine (MDMA), psilocybin, mescaline, and psychostimulants. The recent emergence of novel psychoactive substances (NPS) posed a critical concern regarding the new onset of psychiatric symptoms/syndromes, including cases [...]
Lire la suiteHallucinogen-persisting perception disorder Leo Hermle, Melanie Simon, Martin Ruchsow and Martin Geppert Therapeutic Advances in Psychopharmacology, 2012, 2, (5), 199–205 DOI: 10.1177/2045125312451270 Abstract : A 33-year-old female patient developed a hallucinogen-persisting perception disorder (HPPD) after lysergic acid diethylamide (LSD) abuse for a year at the age of 18. Specifically, she reported after images, perception of movement in her peripheral visual fields, blurring of small patterns, halo effects, and macro- and micropsia. Previous treatment with antidepressants and risperidone failed to ameliorate these symptoms. Upon commencing drug therapy with lamotrigine, these complex visual disturbances receded almost completely. Based on its hypothesized neuroprotective and mood-stabilizing effects, the antiepileptic [...]
Lire la suiteHallucinogen persisting perception disorder after psilocybin consumption : a case study Marie-Laure Espiard, Laurent Lecardeur, Pascale Abadie, Isabelle Halbecq, Sonia Dolfuss European Psychiatry, 2005, 20, (5-6), 458-60 DOI: 10.1016/j.eurpsy.2005.04.008 Abstract The recurrence of flashbacks without acute or chronic hallucinogen consumption has been recognized in the DSM IV criteria as the hallucinogen persisting perception disorder (HPPD). Perceptual disturbances may last for 5 years or more and represent a real psychosocial distress. We reported here a case of a 18 year-old young man presenting HPPD after a mixed intoxication with psylocibin and cannabis. This report shows symptomatic recurrences persisting more than 8 months. Various differential diagnoses were [...]
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