The effects of cannabinoid 1 receptor compounds on memory : a meta-analysis and systematic review across species Faith Borgan, Katherine Beck, Emma Butler, Robert McCutcheon, Mattia Veronese, Anthony Vernon, Oliver D. Howes Psychopharmacology, 2019 Doi : 10.1007/s00213-019-05283-3 Abstract Rationale : While cannabis-based medicinal products have been shown to be effective for numerous neurological and psychiatric disorders, the evidence base regarding their adverse cognitive effects is poorly understood. The cannabinoid 1 receptor modulates memory performance via intracellular and extracellular mechanisms that alter synaptic transmission and plasticity. While previous literature has consistently shown that chronic cannabis users exhibitmarked cognitive impairments,mixed findings have been reported in the context [...]
Lire la suiteNeurocognitive Consequences of Chronic CannabisUse : A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis Pedro Rafael Figueiredo, Serenella Tolomeo, J. Douglas Steele, Alexander Baldacchino Neuroscience and Biobehavioral Reviews, 2019 Doi : 10.1016/j.neubiorev.2019.10.014 "Une méta-analyse échoue à mettre en évidence une "toxicité" de l'usage du cannabis à long terme, sur les fonctions neuropsychologiques cognitives" Highlights A meta-analysis was conducted to assess the neuropsychological impact of cannabis. A limited association was found between chronic cannabis use and neurocognitive deficits. Memory and chronic cannabis smoking were linked. ABSTRACT Cannabis is currently the most used illicit substance in the world with a global widespread distribution. Although its acute neurocognitive effects on human behaviour have [...]
Lire la suiteNeurocognitive performance and serial intravenous subanesthetic ketamine in treatment-resistant depression Paulo R. Shiroma, C. Sophia Albott, Brian Johns, Paul Thuras, Joseph Wels and Kelvin O. Lim The International Journal of Neuropsychopharmacology, 2014, Volume 17, Issue 11, 1805–1813, Doi : 10.1017/S1461145714001011 Abstract The N-methyl-D-aspartate glutamate receptor antagonist ketamine has demonstrated rapid anti-depressant effects in treatment-resistant depression (TRD). However, evaluation of ketamine's neurocognitive aspects in TRD has started to be explored. This study aims to (1) examine baseline neurocognitive performance and change in severity of depressive symptoms through six ketamine infusions, (2) examine the neurocognitive effects after completion of serial infusions and whether changes were associated to [...]
Lire la suiteLongitudinal Changes in Cognition in Young Adult Cannabis Users Mary Becker, Paul F. Collins, Ashley Schultz, Snežana Urošević, Brittany Schmaling, and Monica Luciana The Journal of Clinical and Experimental Neuropsychology, 2018, 40, (6), 529–543. doi : 10.1080/13803395.2017.1385729 Abstract Introduction : Adolescent cannabis use (CU) is associated with impaired attention, executive function, and verbal learning/memory. These associations are generally observed in cross-sectional studies. Longitudinal studies of cannabis users are lacking. Method : The present study examines associations between CU and cognition over time in chronic daily adolescent-onset CUs, as compared to non-using controls. Both groups completed a neuropsychological battery at study intake and again two years later. Results [...]
Lire la suitePsychological Explorations of the Magic Mushroom (Psilocybin) Experience, Part I : Subjective Effects and Time Passage Perception José Arturo Costa Escobar, M.S., Antonio Roazzi, Ph.D. Neurobiologia, 2011, 74, (3-4), 81-97. ABSTRACT Magic mushrooms are rich in the active compound psilocybin, whose activity on consciousness deeply alters cognitive functions, can promote spiritual/mystical experiences and has high biomedical and psychotherapeutic importance. Twenty-eight participants underwent a magic mushroom experience after consuming dehydrated Psilocybe cubensis mushrooms at the dosage of 55.6 mg/Kg (350 μg/kg of psilocybin). Results of subjective aspects of the experience through the Hallucinogen Rating Scale revealed equivalent dosage effects comparable to other studies and similar [...]
Lire la suiteSense of reality, metacognition and culture in schizophrenic and drug-induced hallucinations : An interdisciplinary approach Martin Fortier In J. Proust & M. Fortier (Eds.) : "Metacognitive Diversity : An Interdisciplinary Approach", 2018. Oxford/New York, Oxford University Press. Abstract Hallucinations possess two main components : (i) a sensory content; and (ii) a sense that the sensory content is real. Influential models of schizophrenic hallucination claim that both the sensory content and the sense of reality can be explained in terms of metacognitive dysfunction. This chapter assesses whether such a claim holds for schizophrenic and drug-induced hallucinations; it further attempts to determine the actual role of metacognition [...]
Lire la suited-Lysergic acid diethylamide has major potential as a cognitive enhancer Felipe Augusto Cini, Isis Ornelas, Encarni Marcos, Livia Goto-Silva, Juliana Nascimento, Sergio Ruschi, José Salerno, Karina Karmirian, Marcelo Costa, Eduardo Sequerra, Dráulio de Araújo, Luis Fernando Tófoli, César Rennó-Costa, Daniel Martins-de-Souza, Amanda Feilding, Stevens Rehen, Sidarta Ribeiro BioRxiv, 6 december 2019. Doi : 10.1101/866814 Abstract Psychedelic agonists of serotonin receptors induce neural plasticity and synaptogenesis, but their potential to enhance learning remains uncharted. Here we show that a single dose of d-LSD, a potent serotonergic agonist, increased novel object preference in young and adult rats several days after treatment. d- LSD alone did not increase preference [...]
Lire la suiteTherapeutic Effects of Prolonged Cannabidiol Treatment on Psychological Symptoms and Cognitive Function in Regular Cannabis Users : A Pragmatic Open-Label Clinical Trial Nadia Solowij, Samantha J. Broyd, Camilla Beale, Julie-Anne Prick, Lisa-marie Greenwood, Hendrika van Hell, Chao Suo, Peter Galettis, Nagesh Pai, Shanlin Fu, Rodney J. Croft, Jennifer H. Martin, and Murat Yücel Cannabis and Cannabinoid Research, 2018, 3, 1,21-35 Doi : 10.1089/can.2017.0043 Abstract Introduction : Chronic cannabis use has been associated with impaired cognition and elevated psychological symptoms, particularly psychotic-like experiences. While D9-tetrahydrocannabinol (THC) is thought to be primarily responsible for these deleterious effects, cannabidiol (CBD) is purported to have antipsychotic properties and to [...]
Lire la suiteMedical cannabis and mental health : A guided systematic review, Zach Walsh, Raul Gonzalez, Kim Crosby, Michelle S. Thiessen, Chris Carroll, Marcel O. Bonn-Miller Clinical Psychology Review, 2017, 51, 15-29. Doi : 10.1016/j.cpr.2016.10.002 a b s t r a c t This review considers the potential influences of the use of cannabis for therapeutic purposes (CTP) on areas of interest to mental health professionals, with foci on adult psychopathology and assessment. We identified 31 articles relating to the use of CTP and mental health, and 29 review articles on cannabis use and mental health that did not focus on use for therapeutic purposes. Results reflect the [...]
Lire la suiteAdolescent Cannabis Use : What is the Evidence for Functional Brain Alteration ? V. Lorenzetti, S. Alonso-Lanaa, G. J. Youssef, A. Verdejo-Garcia, C. Suo, J. Cousijn, M. Takagi, M. Yücel and N. Solowij Current Pharmaceutical Design, 2016, 22, 1-14. DOI: 10.2174/1381612822666160805155922 Abstract Background : Cannabis use typically commences during adolescence, a period during which the brain undergoes profound remodeling in areas that are high in cannabinoid receptors and that mediate cognitive control and emotion regulation. It is therefore important to determine the impact of adolescent cannabis use on brain function. Objective : We investigate the impact of adolescent cannabis use on brain function by reviewing the functional [...]
Lire la suite