Streets of the ‘spice zombies’: Dependence and poverty stigma in times of austerity Liviu Alexandrescu School of History, Philosophy and Culture, Oxford Brookes University Crime Media Culture, 2019 Abstract Following the 2016 general ban on new psychoactive substances, synthetic cannabinoids (‘spice’-type drugs) have moved into unregulated street markets and have become popular among homeless populations in the United Kingdom. Images of so-called ‘spice zombies’, rough sleepers in public spaces experiencing severe substance-induced fits, have been used by local and national media to suggest the growing scale of the problem. This article proposes that such depictions should be read through a cultural analysis rooted in the [...]
Lire la suiteAssociation of Cannabis Use in Adolescence and Risk of Depression, Anxiety, and Suicidality in Young Adulthood - A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis Gabriella Gobbi, Tobias Atkin, Tomasz Zytynski, Shouao Wang, Sorayya Askari, Jill Boruff, Mark Ware, Naomi Marmorstein, Andrea Cipriani, Nandini Dendukuri, Nancy Mayo JAMA Psychiatry, 2019, 76, 4, 426-434. doi:10.1001/jamapsychiatry.2018.4500 Published online February 13, 2019. Corrected on March 13, 2019. https://jamanetwork.com/journals/jamapsychiatry/fullarticle/2723657?guestAccessKey=c2ffca43-46c1-4563-8949-c1625bfbdefa&utm_source=silverchair&utm_medium=email&utm_campaign=article_alert-jamanetwork&utm_content=weekly_highlights&utm_term=051919 IMPORTANCE : Cannabis is the most commonly used drug of abuse by adolescents in the world. While the impact of adolescent cannabis use on the development of psychosis has been investigated in depth, little is known about the impact of cannabis use on mood [...]
Lire la suiteA Phase I, Randomized, Double‑Blind, Placebo‑Controlled, Single Ascending Dose, Multiple Dose, and Food Effect Trial of the Safety, Tolerability and Pharmacokinetics of Highly Purified Cannabidiol in Healthy Subjects Lesley Taylor,·Barry Gidal,·Graham Blakey, Bola Tayo, Gilmour Morrison CNS Drugs, 2018 https://doi.org/10.1007/s40263-018-0578-5 Abstract Background : A formal single ascending and multiple dose pharmacokinetic (PK) trial of cannabidiol (CBD) oral solution was required to determine the safety and tolerability of CBD, the maximum tolerated dose, and to examine the effect of food on CBD PK parameters. Objective : This trial assessed the safety, tolerability and PK of CBD oral solution in healthy adult volunteers, as well as the effect [...]
Lire la suiteEfficacy and safety of ketamine in bipolar depression : A systematic review Susana Alberich, Mónica Martínez-Cengotitabengoa, Purificación López, Inaki Zorrilla, Nuria Núnez, Eduard Vieta, Ana González-Pinto, Review Psiquiatrica Salud Mental, 2017, 10, 2, 104-112. 2173-5050/© 2016 SEP y SEPB. Published by Elsevier Espana, S.L.U. All rights reserved. KEYWORDS : Bipolar depression; Ketamine; Efficacy Abstract : The depression is the most prevalent state throughout the life of the bipolar patient. Ketamine has been shown to be an effective and rapid treatment for depression. The objective of the present work is to perform a systematic review on the efficacy and safety of ketamine as treatment of bipolar depression, [...]
Lire la suiteModulation of acute effects of delta-9-tetrahydrocannabinol on psychotomimetic effects, cognition and brain function by previous cannabis exposure Marco Colizzi, Philip McGuire, Vincent Giampietro, Steve Williams, Mick Brammer, Sagnik Bhattacharyya, European Neuropsychopharmacology, 2018, 28, 850-862. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.euroneuro.2018.04.003 0924-977X/ ©2018 ElsevierB.V. and ECNP. All rights reserved. KEYWORDS : Cannabis use; Delta-9-tetrahydrocannabinol; Functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging; Cognitive functioning; Tolerance; Psychosis Abstract Cannabis use has been associated with psychosis and cognitive dysfunction. Some evidence suggests that the acute behavioral and neurocognitive effects of the main activei ngredient in cannabis, (-)-trans-Δ9 tetrahydrocannabinol (Δ9-THC), might be modulated by previous cannabis exposure. However, this has not been investigated either using a control group of non-users, [...]
Lire la suiteCannabidiol as a Novel Candidate Alcohol Use Disorder Pharmacotherapy : A Systematic Review Jasmine Turna, Sabrina K. Syan, Benicio N. Frey, Brian Rush, Mary Jean Costello, Mark Weiss, and James MacKillop ALCOHOLISM: CLINICAL AND EXPERIMENTAL RESEARCH, 2019, 1-14 Abstract : There is substantial interest in the therapeutic potential of cannabidiol (CBD), a nonpsychoactive cannabinoid found in plants of the genus Cannabis. The goal of the current systematic review was to characterize the existing literature on this topic and to evaluate the credibility of CBD as a candidate pharmacotherapy for alcohol use disorder (AUD). Using a comprehensive search strategy, 303 unique potential articles were identified [...]
Lire la suiteChanges in cannabis potency and first-time admissions to drug treatment: a 16-year study in the Netherlands Tom P. Freeman, Peggy van der Pol, Wil Kuijpers, Jeroen Wisselink, Ravi K. Das, Sander Rigter, Margriet van Laar, Paul Griffiths, Wendy Swift, Raymond Niesink and Michael T. Lynskey Psychological Medicine, 2018 https://doi.org/10.1017/S0033291717003877 Abstract Background : The number of people entering specialist drug treatment for cannabis problems has increased considerably in recent years. The reasons for this are unclear, but rising cannabis potency could be a contributing factor. Methods : Cannabis potency data were obtained from an ongoing monitoring programme in the Netherlands. We analysed concentrations of δ-9-tetrahydrocannabinol (THC) from [...]
Lire la suiteS224. DELTA-9-TETRAHYDROCANNABINOL CHALLENGE IN CANNABIS USERS AND NONUSERS DIFFERENTIALLY AFFECTS BRAIN FUNCTION AND BEHAVIOR: AN FMRI STUDY OF DEVELOPMENT OF TOLERANCE Marco Colizzi, Philip McGuire, Vincent Giampietro, Steve Williams1, Mick Brammer, Sagnik Bhattacharyya Schizophrenia Bulletin, Poster, Session III, April 2018 Background : Cannabis use can induce acute and long-lasting psychosis and cognitive dysfunction. Some evidence suggests that the acute behavioral and neurocognitive effects of the main active ingredient in cannabis, (−)-trans-Δ9-tetrahydrocannabinol (Δ9-THC), might be modulated by previous cannabis exposure. However, this has not been investigated either using a control group of non-users, or following abstinence in modest cannabis users, who represent the majority [...]
Lire la suiteDelta-9-tetrahydrocannabinol increases striatal glutamate levels in healthy individuals: implications for psychosis Marco Colizzi, Nathalie Weltens, Philip McGuire, David Lythgoe, Steve Williams, Lukas Van Oudenhove, Sagnik Bhattacharyya Molecular Psychiatry, 15 February 2019 https://doi.org/10.1038/s41380-019-0374-8 Abstract : The neurobiological mechanisms underlying the association between cannabis use and acute or long lasting psychosis are not completely understood. While some evidence suggests altered striatal dopamine may underlie the association, direct evidence that cannabis use affects either acute or chronic striatal dopamine is inconclusive. In contrast, pre-clinical research suggests that cannabis may affect dopamine via modulation of glutamate signaling. A double-blind, randomized, placebo-controlled, crossover design was used to investigate whether altered [...]
Lire la suiteCOMMENTARY What's the Standard of Care for Managing Medical Marijuana? Carolyn Buppert, MSN, JD Medscape, April 22, 2019 https://www.medscape.com/viewarticle/911912 A Patient on Medical Marijuana A primary care provider in a state where medical marijuana is legal asked the following question: In my state, an individual can get a recommendation for medical marijuana from a qualified practitioner who has a visit with that person for that reason only. Alternatively, the individual's primary care provider or specialist can recommend it. I have recommended medical marijuana for several of my patients who had conditions qualifying them for medical marijuana. My concern is about my patients who have been qualified for [...]
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