Cannabinoid Modulation of Functional Connectivity within Regions Processing Attentional Salience Sagnik Bhattacharyya, Irina Falkenberg, Rocio Martin-Santos, Zerrin Atakan1, Jose A Crippa, Vincent Giampietro, Mick Brammer and Philip McGuire Neuropsychopharmacology, 2015, 40, 1343–1352 2015 American College of Neuropsychopharmacology. All rights reserved 0893-133X/15 www.neuropsychopharmacology.org doi:10.1038/npp.2014.258 Abstract There is now considerable evidence to support the hypothesis that psychotic symptoms are the result of abnormal salience attribution, and that the attribution of salience is largely mediated through the prefrontal cortex, the striatum, and the hippocampus. Although these areas show differential activation under the influence of delta-9-tetrahydrocannabinol (delta-9-THC) and cannabidiol (CBD), the two major derivatives of cannabis sativa, little is known about [...]
Lire la suiteThe Role of Cannabinoids in Neuroanatomic Alterations in Cannabis Users Valentina Lorenzetti, Nadia Solowij, and Murat Yücel Biological Psychiatry, 2016, 79:e17-e31 http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.biopsych.2015.11.013 ABSTRACT The past few decades have seen a marked change in the composition of commonly smoked cannabis. These changes primarily involve an increase of the psychoactive compound Δ9-tetrahydrocannabinol (THC) and a decrease of the potentially therapeutic compound cannabidiol (CBD). This altered composition of cannabis may be linked to persistent neuroanatomic alterations typically seen in regular cannabis users. In this review, we summarize recent findings from human structural neuroimaging investigations. We examine whether neuroanatomic alterations are 1) consistently observed in samples of regular cannabis [...]
Lire la suiteCannabis-induced altered states of consciousness are associated with specific dynamic brain connectivity states Zaytseva Y; Horáček J; Hlinka J; Fajnerová I; Androvičová R; Tintěra J; Salvi V; Balíková M; Hložek T; Španiel F; Páleníček T Journal of Psychopharmacology, 2019, 33, 7, 811-821 Research Article doi: 10.1177/0269881119849814. Abstract : Background : Cannabis, and specifically one of its active compounds delta-9-tetrahydrocannabinol in recreational doses, has a variety of effects on cognitive processes. Most studies employ resting state functional magnetic resonance imaging techniques to assess the stationary effects of cannabis and to-date one report addressed the impact of delta-9-tetrahydrocannabinol on the dynamics of whole-brain functional connectivity. Methods : Using a [...]
Lire la suiteIACM-Bulletin 22.06.2019 http://www.cannabis-med.org/french/bulletin/ww_fr_db_cannabis_artikel.php?id=489 IACM-Bulletin du 22 Juin 2019 Etats-Unis: L'Illinois deviendra le 11ème État à légaliser la possession de cannabis chez les adultes Canada: Le gouvernement soutient la recherche sur le cannabis avec 25 millions de dollars Science/Homme: Le cannabis peut avoir un effet protecteur contre le diabète chez les personnes obèses Science/Homme: Les consommateurs de cannabis souffrant de troubles de la personnalité ne courent aucun risque accru de développer d'autres troubles psychiatriques En bref Un coup d'œil sur le passé Etats-Unis: L'Illinois deviendra le 11ème État à légaliser la possession de cannabis chez les [...]
Lire la suiteCannabis Pharmacy. The Practical Guide to Medical marijuana Authoritative, evidence-based information, plus advice on treating dozens of ailments and conditions Michael Backes, foreword by Andrew Weil, MD Black Dog & Leventhal Publishers, New York, 2014 Foreword by Andrew Weil, M.D. From the perspective of someone who has studied traditional therapies as a career, it is surprising that cannabis ever left our medicine cabinets, since the plant has been used for millennia in cultures throughout the world as a curative for ailments of both mind and body. In 1942, the American Medical Association (AMA) fought to keep it as part of the U.S. Pharmacopeia. In spite [...]
Lire la suiteMarijuana and the Cannabinoids Edited by Mahmoud A. ElSohly, PhD, Humana Press, Totowa, New Jersey, USA, 2007 www.humanapress.com 1. Cannabinoids. I. ElSohly, Mahmoud A. II. Series. [DNLM: 1. Cannabinoids. 2. Cannabis. QV 77.7 M33515 2006] QP801.C27M355 2006 615'.7827--dc22 333 pages, Preface Although primarily used today as one of the most prevalent illicit leisure drugs, the use of Cannabis sativa L., commonly referred to as marijuana, for medicinal purposes has been reported for more than 5000 years. Marijuana use has been shown to create numerous health problems, and, consequently, the expanding use beyond medical purposes into recreational use (abuse) resulted in control of the drug through international treaties. Much research has been [...]
Lire la suiteMarijuana Compounds : A Non-Conventional Therapeutic Approach to Epilepsy in Children Mariana Babayeva, Malka Fuzailov, Paulina Rozenfeld and Paramita Basu Journal of Addiction and Neuropharmacology, 2014, 1, 1, 002 Abstract Epilepsy in children is a complex disease, with a variety of distinct syndromes and many alternative treatment options. Even with a plethora of available treatment options, childhood epilepsies are commonly associated with seizures that are resistant to existing treatment methods. Treatment of pediatric epilepsy is challenging and requires more effective therapy to avoid short-term and longterm neurological disorders. Marijuana has been used to treat disease since ancient times. Marijuana ingredients Cannabidiol (CBD) and D9- Tetrahydrocannabinol (THC) [...]
Lire la suiteLes cannabinoïdes dans l’Autisme : Dr Christian Sueur GRECC (Groupe de Recherches et D’Etudes Cliniques sur les Cannabinoïdes) Version actualisée juin 2019 L’autisme est une pathologie, ou plutôt un trouble majeur du développement psycho-neuro-développemental, à l’étiologie complexe et multifactorielle ; rentrent vraisemblablement en interaction, pour produire un trouble du spectre autistique, aussi bien des facteurs psychologique interactionnels précoces, qu’un terrain de fragilité ou de prédisposition génétique, à l’origine d’anomalies neurophysiologiques du développement de la connectique neuronale. Depuis près d’une vingtaine d’année, les cannabinoïdes représente progressivement une nouvelle voie d’approche thérapeutique des autismes les plus sévères. Certains parents, surtout aux USA[1], ont adopté depuis le début [...]
Lire la suiteWHO Expert Committee on Drug Dependence. Critical Review Cannabis and cannabis resin © World Health Organization 2018 Cannabis and cannabis resin Section 1: Chemistry 1. Substance identification ............................................................................................... 4 1.1 International Nonproprietary Name (INN) .............................................................................................. 4 1.2 Chemical Abstract Service (CAS) registry number ................................................................................... 4 1.3 Other chemical names ............................................................................................................................ 4 1.4 Trade names ........................................................................................................................................... 4 Cannabis 1.4.1 plant .................................................................................................................................. 4 1.4.2 Cannabis resin .................................................................................................................................. 5 1.5 Street names ........................................................................................................................................... 5 1.5.1 Cannabis plant .................................................................................................................................. 5 1.5.2 Cannabis resin .................................................................................................................................. 5 1.6 Physical appearance ............................................................................................................................... 6 1.6.1 Cannabis plant .................................................................................................................................. 6 1.6.2 Cannabis resin .................................................................................................................................. 6 1.7 WHO review history ................................................................................................................................ 7 2. Chemistry ..................................................................................................................... 8 2.1 Name ...................................................................................................................................................... 8 2.2 Chemical name ....................................................................................................................................... 8 2.2.1 IUPAC name: ..................................................................................................................................... 8 2.2.2 CA index [...]
Lire la suiteUsage médical du cannabis et des cannabinoïdes Questions et réponses à l’intention des décideurs politiques Observatoire européen des drogues et des toxicomanies (2019), Office des publications de l’Union européenne, Luxembourg Décembre 2018 PDF ISBN 978-92-9497-406-8 doi:10.2810/25727 TD-06-18-186-FR-N Table des matières : 5 Introduction 6 Quels sont les sujets abordés dans ce rapport? 7 Qu’entend-on par usage médical de cannabis et de cannabinoïdes? 11 PARTIE 1 Quelles données scientifiques attestent-elles d’un usage médical du cannabis et des cannabinoïdes? 11 Comment évaluer l’efficacité des médicaments? 12 Quels sont les données scientifiques récentes de l’efficacité du cannabis et des cannabinoïdes en tant que médicaments? 15 Quels sont les risques pour la santé associés à l’usage médical du [...]
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