Cannabis use and the course and outcome of major depressive disorder : A population based longitudinal study FEINGOLD D., REHM J., LEV-RAN S. Psychiatry Research, 2017, 251, 225-234. Doi : 10.1016/j.psychres.2017.02.027 Highlights • Individuals with baseline major depressive disorder were followed over a three-year time period. • Cannabis users and individuals with cannabis use disorders were compared to nonusers. • No differences were found in rates of remission between the groups. • Level of cannabis use was associated with significantly more depressive symptoms at follow-up. • These findings did not retain significance after adjusting for baseline confounding factors. Abstract Cannabis use has been reported to affect [...]
Lire la suiteThe origins of cannabis smoking: Chemical residue evidence from the first millennium BCE in the Pamirs Meng Ren, Zihua Tang, Xinhua Wu, Robert Spengler, Hongen Jiang, Yimin Yang, Nicole Boivin Science Advances, 2019, 5, eaaw1391. Doi : 10.1016/sciadv.aaw1391 Cannabis is one of the oldest cultivated plants in East Asia, grown for grain and fiber as well as for recreational, medical, and ritual purposes. It is one of the most widely used psychoactive drugs in the world today, but little is known about its early psychoactive use or when plants under cultivation evolved the phenotypical trait of increased specialized compound production. The archaeological evidence for [...]
Lire la suitePlant cannabinoids : a neglected pharmacological treasure trove Raphael Mechoulam British Journal of Pharmacology, 2005, 146, 913–915 doi : 10.1038/sj.bjp.0706415 Most of the cannabinoids in Cannabis sativa L. have not been fully evaluated for their pharmacological activity. A publication in this issue presents evidence that a plant cannabinoid, D9-tetrahydro-cannabivarin is a potent antagonist of anandamide, a major endogenous cannabinoid. It seems possible that many of the non-psychoactive constituents of this plant will be of biological interest. Keywords : Anandamide; CB1 receptor antagonist; CB2 receptor antagonist; mouse vas deferens; D9 tetrahydrocannabinol; D9-tetrahydrocannabivarin; -(þ)-(R)- WIN55212 Cannabis sativa L. produces more than 60 terpeno-phenols that have not been detected [...]
Lire la suiteThe Consciousness Research of Stanislav Grof : A Cosmic Portal Beyond Individuality By Richard Yensen, Ph.D. and Donna A. Dryer, M.D., M.P.H. ©1998 Richard Yensen & Donna Dryer I. Introduction Stanislav Grof began his research in Prague, Czechoslovakia, as a psychiatric resident, in the late 1950’s. His initial observations seemed to confirm and offer a laboratory proof for many of the basic tenets of Freudian psychoanalytic thought. At that time his conclusion was politically unsettling because psychoanalysis was repressed in the iron curtain countries. Forty years later the outcome of Grof’s continued research is a theoretical framework for understanding human consciousness. His theory has [...]
Lire la suiteMedicinal Plants of the Russian Pharmacopoeia; their history and applications Alexander N. Shikov, Olga N. Pozharitskaya, Valery G. Makarov, Hildebert Wagner, Rob Verpoorte, Michael Heinrich Journal of Ethnopharmacology, 2014, 154, 481–536 Doi : 10.1016/j.jep.2014.04.007 Ethnopharmacological relevance : Due to the location of Russia between West and East, Russian phytotherapy has accumulated and adopted approaches that originated in European and Asian traditional medicine. Phytotherapy is an official and separate branch of medicine in Russia; thus, herbal medicinal preparations are considered official medicaments.The aim of the present review is to summarize and critically appraise data concerning plants used in Russian medicine.This review describes the history of herbal [...]
Lire la suiteEndocannabinoids : A Promising Impact for Traumatic Brain Injury Lesley D. Schurman and Aron H. Lichtman Frontiers in Pharmacology, 2017. doi: 10.3389/fphar.2017.00069 The endogenous cannabinoid (endocannabinoid) system regulates a diverse array of physiological processes and unsurprisingly possesses considerable potential targets for the potential treatment of numerous disease states, including two receptors (i.e., CB1 and CB2 receptors) and enzymes regulating their endogenous ligands N-arachidonoylethanolamine (anandamide) and 2-arachidonyl glycerol (2-AG). Increases in brain levels of endocannabinoids to pathogenic events suggest this system plays a role in compensatory repair mechanisms. Traumatic brain injury (TBI) pathology remains mostly refractory to currently available drugs, perhaps due to its heterogeneous [...]
Lire la suiteCOVID-19 and Substance Use Disorders: Recommendations to a Comprehensive Healthcare Response Ali Farhoudian, Alexander Baldacchino, Nicolas Clark, Gilberto Gerra, Hamed Ekhtiari, Geert Dom, Azarakhsh Mokri, Mandana Sadeghi, Pardis Nematollahi, Maryanne Demasi, Christian G. Schütz, Seyed Mohammadreza Hashemian, Payam Tabarsi, Susanna Galea-singer, Giuseppe Carrà, Thomas Clausen, Christos Kouimtsidis, Serenella Tolomeo, Seyed Ramin Radfar, Emran Mohammad Razaghi An International Society of Addiction Medicine (ISAM) Practice and Policy Interest Group Position Paper 29 mars 2020 Abstract : Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is escalating across the world with higher morbidities and mortalities in certain vulnerable populations. People who use drugs (PWUD) are a marginalized and stigmatized group with [...]
Lire la suiteAddiction au cannabis, confinement et détention Jean Michel Delile, David Saint Vincent, Laurent Michel, Patrick Veteau Fédération Addiction, mars 2020 Cannabis et dépendance Longtemps, beaucoup ont pensé que le cannabis n’était pas une drogue (dangereuse), ou alors seulement une drogue « douce », au sens où il n’entrainait pas de syndrome physique de manque, à la différence de l’alcool, des opiacés ou des benzodiazépines… Il a fallu beaucoup de temps aux usagers et aux médecins pour réaliser que l’évidence de la souffrance des patients démontrait que la clef de l’addiction en tant que trouble était plus dans le désir/besoin irrépressible de consommer que dans [...]
Lire la suiteLong-term effects of psychedelic drugs : A systematic review Jacob S.Adaya, Cayla M.Mitzkovitz, Emily K.Bloesch, Christopher C.Davoli, Alan K.Davis Neuroscience and Biobehavioral Reviews, 2020. Doi : 10.1016/j.neubiorev.2020.03.017 A B S T R A C T Research into the basic effects and therapeutic applications of psychedelic drugs has grown considerably in recent years. Yet, pressing questions remain regarding the substances’ lasting effects. Although individual studies have begun monitoring sustained changes, no study to-date has synthesized this information. Therefore, this systematic review aims to fill this important gap in the literature by synthesizing results from 34 contemporary experimental studies which included classic psychedelics, human subjects, and follow-up [...]
Lire la suiteA Comparative Literature Survey of Psilocybin and LSD-25 Metabolism Ian Joyce Capstone Project CHM 400 H Cal Poly Pomona, Winter 2017 | 1 - &ç Psilocybin and lysergic acid diethylamide (LSD-25) are two of the most popular and well known psychedelic drugs. Although both of the compounds are currently illegal in the United States, a renewed interest has begun in recent years to examine and analyze these drugs for therapeutic use. This review analyzes the current research pertaining to the metabolism, biochemical pathways, receptor activity, biological signaling, physiological effects and the behavioral effects associated with both of these compounds. For psychedelic compounds to [...]
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