Étiquette : réduction des risques

Cannabis Use in Adolescence : A Review of Neuroimaging Findings, Yann Chye et al., 2019

Cannabis Use in Adolescence : A Review of Neuroimaging Findings Yann Chye, Erynn Christensen & Murat Yücel Journal of Dual Diagnosis, 2019 Doi : 10.1080/15504263.2019.1636171   ABSTRACT Objective : Shifting policies and widespread acceptance of cannabis for medical and/or recreational purposes have fueled worries of increased cannabis initiation and use in adolescents. In particular, the adolescent period is thought to be associated with an increased susceptibility to the potential harms of repeated cannabis use, due to being a critical period for neuromaturational events in the brain. This review investigates the neuroimaging evidence of brain harms attributable to adolescent cannabis use. Methods : PubMed and Scopus searches were [...]

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Associations of Parental Marijuana Use With Offspring Marijuana, Tobacco, and Alcohol Use and Opioid Misuse, Bertha K. Madras et al, 2019

Associations of Parental Marijuana Use With Offspring Marijuana, Tobacco, and Alcohol Use and Opioid Misuse Bertha K. Madras, Beth Han, Wilson M. Compton, Christopher M. Jones, Elizabeth I. Lopez, Elinore F. McCance-Katz JAMA Network Open, 2019, 2, (11), e1916015. doi : 10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2019.16015   Abstract IMPORTANCE : Marijuana use is increasing among adults and often co-occurs with other substance use; therefore, it is important to examine whether parental marijuana use is associated with elevated risk of substance use among offspring living in the same household. OBJECTIVE : To examine associations of parental marijuana use with offspring marijuana, tobacco, and alcohol use and opioid misuse. DESIGN, SETTING, AND PARTICIPANTS : [...]

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An update on cannabis use disorder with comment on the impact of policy related to therapeutic and recreational cannabis use, Alan J. Budney et al., 2019

An update on cannabis use disorder with comment on the impact of policy related to therapeutic and recreational cannabis use Alan J. Budney,· Michael J. Sofis,· Jacob T. Borodovsky European Archives of Psychiatry and Clinical Neuroscience, 2019 https://doi.org/10.1007/s00406-018-0976-1 © Springer-Verlag GmbH Germany, part of Springer Nature 2019   Abstract : Confusion and controversy related to the potential for cannabis use to cause harm, or alternatively to provide benefit, continues globally. This issue has grown in intensity and importance with the increased recognition of the public health implications related to the escalation of the legalization of cannabis and cannabinoid products. This selective overview and commentary attempt to succinctly [...]

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Cortical surface morphology in long-term cannabis users : A multi-site MRI study, Yann Chye et al., 2018

Cortical surface morphology in long-term cannabis users : A multi-site MRI study Yann Chye, Chao Suo, Valentina Lorenzetti, Albert Batalla, Janna Cousijn, Anna E Goudriaan, Rocio Martin-Santos, Sarah Whittle, Nadia Solowij, Murat Yücel European Neuropsychopharmacology, 2018, 17, 21, 1-9. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.euroneuro.2018.11.1110   Abstract Cannabis exerts its psychoactive effect through cannabinoid receptors that are widely distributed across the cortical surface of the human brain. It is suggested that cannabis use may contribute to structural alterations across the cortical surface. In a large, multisite dataset of 120 controls and 141 cannabis users, we examined whether differences in key characteristics of the cortical surface – including cortical thickness, surface area, [...]

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Comment le cannabis peut favoriser les troubles psychotiques : conséquences, dépistage et prise en charge, Alain Dervaux, 2019

Comment le cannabis peut favoriser les troubles psychotiques : conséquences, dépistage et prise en charge Alain Dervaux L’Information Psychiatrique, 2019, 95, (8), 672-678 * Travail présenté aux 37es journées de la Société de l’Information Psychiatrique, Antibes, 4-6 octobre 2018. Résumé Les relations complexes entre cannabis et psychoses ont fait l’objet de nombreux travaux depuis une vingtaine d’années. La consommation de cannabis peut s’accompagner de symptômes psychotiques chez certains sujets (jusqu’à 15 % des consommateurs) qui disparaissent avec l’élimination du -9-THC de l’organisme. Elle peut aussi augmenter par deux le risque de troubles psychotiques, notamment de schizophrénie. Le risque est d’autant plus élevé que la consommation de cannabis [...]

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Long-Term Pot Smoking Doesn’t Seem to Harm Health : Study, Mandy Oaklander, The TIME, june 7, 2016

Long-Term Pot Smoking Doesn’t Seem to Harm Health : Study Mandy Oaklander, The TIME, june 7, 2016 https://time.com/4359757/pot-smoking-marijuana-cannabis-health/?fbclid=IwAR1KRAo13u_0iDCYsWwYDd7_HwwFSRX8wkBQcWtgq1VneRwAfmdQwCY2Gw0   Getty Images By Mandy Oaklander June 7, 2016 Even after years of heavy use, marijuana doesn’t seem to have much of an impact on the physical health of the body. So finds a recent study published in JAMA Psychiatry, which analyzed data from a group of 1,037 New Zealanders followed from their birth until age 38. The researchers, led by Madeline Meier of Arizona State University, looked at whether cannabis use from age 18 to 38 was linked to several aspects of physical health, which were measured at [...]

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Emerging from the dark side : new therapeutic applications of scheduled psychoactive substances, Edward James et al., 2019

Emerging from the dark side : new therapeutic applications of scheduled psychoactive substances Edward James, Thomas L. Robertshaw & Andrew D. Westwell Future medicinal chemistry, February 2019 Doi : 10.4155/fmc-2018-0447   Keywords : harm reduction • healthcare • MDMA • positive psychology • psilocybin • psychoactive • psychotherapy The discovery and development of new medicines occupies years of painstaking and expensive scientific work, with multidisciplinary teams working together in the hope of developing a new chemical entity that outperforms the current standard of care within the chosen disease setting. Once optimized in the laboratory and achieving acceptable regulatory preclinical benchmarks, years of clinical evaluation are required [...]

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Cannabidiol Counteracts the Psychotropic Side-Effects of Δ-9-Tetrahydrocannabinol in the Ventral Hippocampus through Bidirectional Control of ERK1–2 Phosphorylation, Roger Hudson et al., 2019

Cannabidiol Counteracts the Psychotropic Side-Effects of Δ-9-Tetrahydrocannabinol in the Ventral Hippocampus through Bidirectional Control of ERK1–2 Phosphorylation Roger Hudson, Justine Renard, Christopher Norris, Walter J. Rushlow and Steven R. Laviolette Journal of Neuroscience, 2019, 39, (44), 8762-8777 Doi : https://doi.org/10.1523/JNEUROSCI.0708-19.2019   Abstract Evidence suggests that the phytocannabinoids Δ-9-tetrahydrocannabinol (THC) and cannabidiol (CBD) differentially regulate salience attribution and psychiatric risk. The ventral hippocampus (vHipp) relays emotional salience via control of dopamine (DA) neuronal activity states, which are dysregulated in psychosis and schizophrenia. Using in vivo electrophysiology in male Sprague Dawley rats, we demonstrate that intra-vHipp THC strongly increases ventral tegmental area (VTA) DA neuronal frequency [...]

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Long-term Heavy Cannabis Use : implications for health education, Niall COGGANS et al., 2004

Long-term Heavy Cannabis Use : implications for health education Niall COGGANS, Phil DALGARNO, Lindsay JOHNSON & David SHEWAN Drugs : education, prevention and policy, 2004, Vol. 11, No. 4, 299–313   ABSTRACT There is growing evidence that cannabis can have negative effects on health. While the ongoing debate about the nature and duration of these effects recognizes mild cognitive impairment, the evidence for irreversibility of cognitive impairment and causal links with psychiatric illness is not conclusive. There is undoubtedly potential for impairment of respiratory functioning, but that will depend on lifetime load and in most cases is confounded with tobacco smoking. There is a [...]

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The association between cannabis use and psychiatric comorbidity in people with personality disorders : A population-based longitudinal study, Nadav Shalita et al., 2019

The association between cannabis use and psychiatric comorbidity in people with personality disorders : A population-based longitudinal study Nadav Shalita, Jürgen Rehmb, Shaul Lev-Ran Psychiatry Research, 2019, 278, 70–77 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.psychres.2019.05.041 A B S T R A C T Both personality disorders (PD) and cannabis use are highly comorbid with various psychiatric disorders. While previous research indicates specific interactions between cannabis use and schizotypal PD associated with schizophrenia, research into cannabis use among individuals with other PDs and the development of several additional psychiatric disorders is scarce. We explored the prevalence and incidence of psychiatric disorders among individuals with PDs who use cannabis, and whether individuals [...]

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