Does cannabidiol protect against adverse psychological effects of THC ? Raymond J. M. Niesink and Margriet W. van Laar Frontiers in Psychiatry, 2013, 4, 130 doi : 10.3389/fpsyt.2013.00130. Abstract The recreational use of cannabis can have persistent adverse effects on mental health. Delta 9-tetrahydro-cannabinol (THC) is the main psychoactive constituent of cannabis, and most, if not all, of the effects associated with the use of cannabis are caused by THC. Recent studies have suggested a possible protective effect of another cannabinoid, cannabidiol (CBD). A literature search was performed in the bibliographic databases PubMed, PsycINFO, andWeb of Science using the keyword “cannabidiol.” After removing duplicate entries, [...]
Lire la suiteDoes Cannabis Composition Matter? Differential Effects of Delta-9-tetrahydrocannabinol and Cannabidiol on Human Cognition Marco Colizzi & Sagnik Bhattacharyya Current Addiction Reports, 2017, 4, 62–74 DOI 10.1007/s40429-017-0142-2 Abstract Purpose of Review : The lack of clarity about the effect of cannabis use on cognition may be attributable to the considerable heterogeneity among studies in terms of cannabis composition. This article selectively reviews studies examining the distinctive effects of cannabinoids on human cognition, particularly those of delta-9-tetrahydrocannabinol (Δ9-THC) and cannabidiol (CBD). Recent Findings : Research indicates that Δ9-THC administration acutely impairs cognition, particularly memory and emotional processing. Limited evidence suggests that CBD administration might improve cognition in cannabis [...]
Lire la suiteCannabidiol, a Cannabis sativa constituent, as an antipsychotic drug A.W. Zuardi, J.A.S. Crippa, J.E.C. Hallak, F.A. Moreira and F.S. Guimarães Brazilian Journal of Medical and Biological Research, 2006, 39, 421-429 ISSN 0100-879X Review Abstract A high dose of Δ9-tetrahydrocannabinol, the main Cannabis sativa (cannabis) component, induces anxiety and psychotic-like symptoms in healthy volunteers. These effects of Δ9-tetrahydrocannabinol are significantly reduced by cannabidiol (CBD), a cannabis constituent which is devoid of the typical effects of the plant. This observation led us to suspect that CBD could have anxiolytic and/or antipsychotic actions. Studies in animal models and in healthy volunteers clearly suggest an anxiolytic-like effect of CBD. The [...]
Lire la suiteDissociable effects of cannabis with and without cannabidiol on the human brain’s resting-state functional connectivity Matthew B. Wall, Rebecca Pope, Tom P. Freeman, Oliwia S. Kowalczyk, Lysia Demetriou, Claire Mokrysz, Chandni Hindocha, Will Lawn, Michael A.P. Bloomfield, Abigail M. Freeman, Amanda Feilding, David J. Nutt and H. Valerie Curran Journal of Psychopharmacology, 2019, 1–9 DOI: 10.1177/0269881119841568 journals.sagepub.com/home/jop Abstract Background : Two major constituents of cannabis are Δ9-tetrahydrocannabinol (THC) and cannabidiol (CBD). THC is the main psychoactive component; CBD may buffer the user against the harmful effects of THC. Aims : We examined the effects of two strains of cannabis and placebo on the human brain’s resting-state networks [...]
Lire la suiteExtractions of Medical Cannabis Cultivars and the Role of Decarboxylation in Optimal Receptor Responses Melissa M. Lewis-Bakker, Yi Yang, Rupali Vyawahare, and Lakshmi P. Kotra Cannabis and Cannabinoid Research, Volume X, Number X, 2019 Mary Ann Liebert, Inc. DOI: 10.1089/can.2018.0067 Abstract Introduction : Phytocannabinoids, characteristic compounds produced by medical cannabis, interact with cannabinoid (CB) receptors (CB1 and CB2) as well as other receptor systems to exhibit their corresponding pharmacological effects. In their natural form, CBs such as D9-tetrahydrocannabinolic acid and cannabidiolic acid are inactive at these receptors, while their decarboxylated forms (D9 tetrahydrocannabinol and cannabidiol, respectively) are potent ligands at CB receptors. Thus, extraction and processing [...]
Lire la suiteCannabis Chemovar Nomenclature Misrepresents Chemical and Genetic Diversity; Survey of Variations in Chemical Profiles and Genetic Markers in Nevada Medical Cannabis Samples Ulrich Reimann-Philipp, Mark Speck, Cindy Orser, Steve Johnson, Aaron Hilyard, Helen Turner, Alexander J. Stokes, and Andrea L. Small-Howard Cannabis and Cannabinoid Research, Volume X, Number X, 2019 Mary Ann Liebert, Inc. DOI: 10.1089/can.2018.0063 Abstract Introduction : Medical cannabis patients receive clinical benefits from the secondary metabolites of the plant, which contain a variety of cannabinoids and terpenoids in combinations that can be used to classify the chemovars. State-regulated medical cannabis programs rely on breeder-reported ‘‘strain’’ names both within diversion control systems and to [...]
Lire la suiteEffects of Cannabidiol and a Novel Cannabidiol Analog against Tactile Allodynia in a Murine Model of Cisplatin-Induced Neuropathy: Enhanced Effects of Sub-Analgesic Doses of Morphine Hannah Marie Harris, Waseem Gul, Mahmoud A. ElSohly, Kenneth J. Sufka Medical Cannabis and Cannabinoids, 2018, 1, 54–59 Preclinical Science and Clinical Studies – Research Article DOI: 10.1159/000489077 Abstract Objective : This research examined whether a cannabidiol (CBD)-opioid pharmacotherapy could attenuate cisplatin-induced tactile allodynia. Methods : Mice (C57BL/6) were given 6 doses of 2.3 mg/kg cisplatin intraperitoneally (IP) on alternating days to induce tactile allodynia as quantified using an electric von Frey (eVF). Test groups in Experiment 1 received either vehicle, 0.1 [...]
Lire la suitePharmacokinetics and Tolerability of Δ9-THC-Hemisuccinate in a Suppository Formulation as an Alternative to Capsules for the Systemic Delivery of Δ9-THC Mahmoud A. ElSohly, Waseem Gul, Larry A. Walker Medical Cannabis and Cannabinoids, 2018, 1, 44–53 Preclinical Science and Clinical Studies – Research Article DOI: 10.1159/000489037 Abstract The objectives of this study were: (1) to assess the safety, tolerability, and pharmacokinetics of ascending doses of Δ9- tetrahydrocannabinol-hemisuccinate (THC-HS) after rectal administration as suppositories in male volunteers; and (2) to compare the pharmacokinetics of oral administration of Δ9-tetrahydrocannabinol (Δ9-THC) with an equivalent amount of Δ9-THC delivered as THC-HS via the suppository formulation. In support of the pharmacokinetic evaluations, [...]
Lire la suiteHuman Pharmacokinetics and Adverse Effects of Pulmonary and Intravenous THC-CBD Formulations Pascale Meyer, Manuela Langos, Rudolf Brenneisen Medical Cannabis and Cannabinoids, 2018, 1, 36–43 Preclinical Science and Clinical Studies – Research Article DOI: 10.1159/000489034 Abstract Background : Due to variable absorption and extensive firstpass metabolism, the bioavailability of oral delta-9-tetrahydrocannabinol (THC) and cannabidiol (CBD) is low, and, therefore, alternative application forms are necessary. Methods : In an open-label, 2-period phase-1 study on 11 healthy volunteers, a combination of THC and CBD was compared by pulmonary (inh) and intravenous (iv) application. The liquid aerosol was produced by an in vitro validated pressurized metered-dose inhaler (pMDI) device, releasing 41–44% [...]
Lire la suiteAcid Diethylamide (LSD) in the Treatment of Addictions: Historical Perspectives and Future Prospects Mitchell B. Liester Current Drug Abuse Reviews, 2014, 7, 146-156 1874-4745/14 $58.00+.00 © 2014 Bentham Science Publishers Abstract : Lysergic acid diethylamide (LSD) is a semisynthetic compound with strong psychoactive properties. Chemically related to serotonin, LSD was initially hypothesized to produce a psychosislike state. Later, LSD was reported to have benefits in the treatment of addictions. However, widespread indiscriminate use and reports of adverse affects resulted in the classification of LSD as an illicit drug with no accepted medical use. This article reviews LSD’s storied history from its discovery, to its use [...]
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