Étiquette : états modifiés de conscience

Unifying Theories of Psychedelic Drug Effects, Link R. Swanson, 2018

Unifying Theories of Psychedelic Drug Effects Link R. Swanson Frontiers in Pharmacology, 2018, Volume 9, Article 172, 1-23 www.frontiersin.org (2 March 2018) doi: 10.3389/fphar.2018.00172   Abstract How do psychedelic drugs produce their characteristic range of acute effects in perception, emotion, cognition, and sense of self? How do these effects relate to the clinical efficacy of psychedelic-assisted therapies? Efforts to understand psychedelic phenomena date back more than a century in Western science. In this article I review theories of psychedelic drug effects and highlight key concepts which have endured over the last 125 years of psychedelic science. First, I describe the subjective phenomenology of acute psychedelic effects using [...]

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The paradoxical psychological effects of lysergic acid diethylamide (LSD), R. L. Carhart-Harris et al., 2016

The paradoxical psychological effects of lysergic acid diethylamide (LSD) R. L. Carhart-Harris, M. Kaelen, M. Bolstridge, T. M. Williams, L. T. Williams, R. Underwood, A. Feilding and D. J. Nutt Psychological Medicine, 2016, 46, 1379–1390. doi:10.1017/S0033291715002901   Background : Lysergic acid diethylamide (LSD) is a potent serotonergic hallucinogen or psychedelic that modulates consciousness in a marked and novel way. This study sought to examine the acute and mid-term psychological effects of LSD in a controlled study. Method : A total of 20 healthy volunteers participated in this within-subjects study. Participants received LSD (75 μg, intravenously) on one occasion and placebo (saline, intravenously) on another, in a [...]

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Approche anthropologique de la dissociation et de ses dispositifs inducteurs, Georges Lapassade, 2005

Approche anthropologique de la dissociation et de ses dispositifs inducteurs Georges Lapassade DESS Ethnométhodologie et Informatique année universitaire 2004-2005 Résumé du séminaire de Georges Lapassade sur l’anthropologie de la dissociation 40 pp   L'anthropologie religieuse, puis l'anthropologie psychologique1 ont contribué fortement au processus historique par lequel la notion de la dissociation, initialement issue de la psychopathologie, a fini par désigner un mécanisme psychobiologique normal et universel (Ludwig 1983). Pour contribuer à cette anthropologie la dissociation, je commencerai par l'étude de certaines pratiques chamaniques examinées du point de vue de la théorie de la conscience dissociée. J'examinerai ensuite la position qui consiste à rejeter cette analyse au motif [...]

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The link between childhood trauma and dissociation in frequent users of classic psychedelics and dissociatives, Sascha B. Thal et al., 2019

The link between childhood trauma and dissociation in frequent users of classic psychedelics and dissociatives Sascha B. Thal, Judith K. Daniels & Henrik Jungaberle Journal of Substance Use, may 2019 https://doi.org/10.1080/14659891.2019.1614234   ABSTRACT Background : Childhood trauma severity is associated with the level of subsequent substance use as well as with the self-reported severity of dissociation. Classic psychedelics and dissociatives target neurotransmitter systems thought to be involved in the onset of dissociative symptoms and may evoke severe and long-lasting symptoms of depersonalization in some users. However, it is currently unclear whether drug use puts people with a history of childhood trauma at higher risk of developing [...]

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REBUS and the Anarchic Brain: Toward a Unified Model of the Brain Action of Psychedelics, R. L. Carhart-Harris and K. J. Friston, 2019

REBUS and the Anarchic Brain: Toward a Unified Model of the Brain Action of Psychedelics R. L. Carhart-Harris and K. J. Friston Pharmacological Reviews, 2019,  71, 316–344 https://doi.org/10.1124/pr.118.017160   Significance Statement . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 317 I. Introduction. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .  [...]

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Hallucinatory altered states of consciousness, Levente Móró, 2010

Hallucinatory altered states of consciousness Levente Móró Phenomenology and the Cognitive Sciences, 2010, 9, 2, 241-252. http://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s11097-010-9162-2 DOI: 10.1007/s11097-010-9162-2 Abstract Altered states of consciousness (ASC), especially hallucinatory ones, are philosophically and scientifically interesting modes of operation of the mind–brain complex. However, classical definitions of ASC seem to capture only a few common characteristics of traditionally regarded phenomena, thus lacking exact classification criteria for assessing altered and baseline states. The current situation leads to a priority problem between phenomena-based definitions and definition-based selection. In order to solve the problem, this paper introduces a self-mapping procedure that is based on a three-part analysis on certain aspects of consciousness. [...]

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Cannabis-induced altered states of consciousness are associated with specific dynamic brain connectivity states, Yuliya Zaytseva et al., 2019

Cannabis-induced altered states of consciousness are associated with specific dynamic brain connectivity states Zaytseva Y; Horáček J; Hlinka J; Fajnerová I; Androvičová R; Tintěra J; Salvi V; Balíková M; Hložek T; Španiel F; Páleníček T  Journal of Psychopharmacology, 2019, 33, 7, 811-821 Research Article  doi: 10.1177/0269881119849814. Abstract : Background : Cannabis, and specifically one of its active compounds delta-9-tetrahydrocannabinol in recreational doses, has a variety of effects on cognitive processes. Most studies employ resting state functional magnetic resonance imaging techniques to assess the stationary effects of cannabis and to-date one report addressed the impact of delta-9-tetrahydrocannabinol on the dynamics of whole-brain functional connectivity. Methods : Using a [...]

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Changes in global and thalamic brain connectivity in LSD-induced altered states of consciousness are attributable to the 5- HT2A receptor, Katrin H. Preller, Franz X. Vollenweider et al., 2018

Changes in global and thalamic brain connectivity in LSD-induced altered states of consciousness are attributable to the 5- HT2A receptor Katrin H. Preller, Joshua B. Burt, Jie Lisa Ji, Charles Schleifer, Brendan D. Adkinson, Philipp Stampfli, Erich Seifritz, Grega Repovs, John H. Krystal, John D. Murray, Franz X. Vollenweider, Alan Anticevic eLife, 2018, 7, e35082. DOI: https://doi.org/10.7554/eLife.35082.001 Abstract Background : Lysergic acid diethylamide (LSD) has agonist activity at various serotonin (5-HT) and dopamine receptors. Despite the therapeutic and scientific interest in LSD, specific receptor  contributions to its neurobiological effects remain unknown. Methods : We therefore conducted a double-blind, randomized, counterbalanced, cross-over study (ClinicalTrials.gov, NCT02451072) during which [...]

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Psychological variables implied in the therapeutic effect of ayahuasca : a contextual approach, Alba Franquesa et al., 2017

Psychological variables implied in the therapeutic effect of ayahuasca : a contextual approach. Alba Franquesa, Alberto Sainz-Cort, Sam Gandy, Joaquim Soler, Miguel Ángel Alcázar-Córcoles, José Carlos Bouso Psychiatry Research, 2017 PII: S0165-1781(17)31377-X DOI: 10.1016/j.psychres.2018.04.012 Abstract Ayahuasca is a psychedelic decoction originating from Amazonia. The ayahuasca-induced introspective experience has been shown to have potential benefits in the treatment of several pathologies, to protect mental health and to improve neuropsychological functions and creativity, and boost mindfulness. The underlying psychological processes related to the use of ayahuasca in a psychotherapeutic context are not yet well described in the scientific literature, but there is some evidence to suggest that psychological [...]

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