Les troubles cognitifs et psychiatriques liés à la consommation de cannabis Alain DERVAUX, Marie-Odile KREBS , Xavier LAQUEILLE Bulletin de l'Académie Nationale de Médecine, 2014, 198, no 3, 559-577, séance du 25 mars 2014 RÉSUMÉ Plusieurs études ont montré que le Δ-9-THC, principal principe actif du cannabis entraînait des troubles de l’attention, de la mémoire et des fonctions exécutives. Ils sont liés à la dose, à la fréquence, à la durée d’exposition et à l’âge de la première consommation. Ils peuvent disparaître après sevrage, mais des anomalies durables s’observent chez les sujets ayant débuté leur consommation avant l’âge de 15 ans. La fréquence de [...]
Lire la suiteMedicinal cannabis for psychiatric disorders: a clinically-focused systematic review Jerome Sarris, Justin Sinclair, Diana Karamacoska, Maggie Davidson and Joseph Firth BMC Psychiatry, 2020, 20, 24, 1-14. Doi : 10.1186/s12888-019-2409-8 Abstract Background : Medicinal cannabis has received increased research attention over recent years due to loosening global regulatory changes. Medicinal cannabis has been reported to have potential efficacy in reducing pain, muscle spasticity, chemotherapy-induced nausea and vomiting, and intractable childhood epilepsy. Yet its potential application in the field of psychiatry is lesser known. Methods : The first clinically-focused systematic review on the emerging medical application of cannabis across all major psychiatric disorders was conducted. Current evidence regarding [...]
Lire la suiteA Comparative Review of the Neuro- Psychopharmacology of Hallucinogen-Induced Altered States of Consciousness : The Uniqueness of Some Hallucinogens Ümit Sayin NeuroQuantology, June 2012, Volume 10, Issue 2, 316-340. eISSN 1303-5150 ABSTRACT Altered states of consciousness induced by hallucinogens (H-ASC) is still a vaguely understood phenomenon. Taken the diverse psychological effects they exert, the main mechanism of action of hallucinogens; LSD, ibogaine, THC, PCP, MDMA, methamphetamine, mescaline, psilocybin and DMT, of which psychological effects are discussed in the article, are not properly understood and explained by the modern methods of neuroscience due to the lack of vigorous research. The involvement of some receptors, such as, [...]
Lire la suiteA tale of two cannabinoids : The therapeutic rationale for combining tetrahydrocannabinol and cannabidiol Ethan Russo & Geoffrey W. Guy Medical Hypotheses, 2006, 66, 234–246 doi : 10.1016/j.mehy.2005.08.026 Summary This study examines the current knowledge of physiological and clinical effects of tetrahydrocannabinol (THC) and cannabidiol (CBD) and presents a rationale for their combination in pharmaceutical preparations. Cannabinoid and vanilloid receptor effects as well as non-receptor mechanisms are explored, such as the capability of THC and CBD to act as anti-inflammatory substances independent of cyclo-oxygenase (COX) inhibition. CBD is demonstrated to antagonise some undesirable effects of THC including intoxication, sedation and tachycardia, while contributing analgesic, anti-emetic, [...]
Lire la suiteDevelopmental consequences of perinatal cannabis exposure : behavioral and neuroendocrine effects in adult rodents Patrizia Campolongo, Viviana Trezza, Patrizia Ratano, Maura Palmery & Vincenzo Cuomo Psychopharmacology, 2011, 214, 5–15 Doi : 10.1007/s00213-010-1892-x Abstract Rationale : Cannabis is the most commonly used illicit drug among pregnant women. Since the endocannabinoid system plays a crucial role in brain development, maternal exposure to cannabis derivatives might result in longlasting neurobehavioral abnormalities in the exposed offspring. It is difficult to detect these effects, and their underlying neurobiological mechanisms, in clinical cohorts, because of their intrinsic methodological and interpretative issues. Objectives : The present paper reviews relevant rodent studies examining the [...]
Lire la suiteA behavioural comparison of acute and chronic D9-tetrahydrocannabinol and cannabidiol in C57BL/6JArc mice Leonora E. Long, Rose Chesworth, Xu-Feng Huang, Iain S. McGregor, Jonathon C. Arnold and Tim Karl International Journal of Neuropsychopharmacology, 2010, 13, 861–876. doi : 10.1017/S1461145709990605 Abstract Cannabis contains over 70 unique compounds and its abuse is linked to an increased risk of developing schizophrenia. The behavioural profiles of the psychotropic cannabis constituent D9 tetrahydro-cannabinol (D9-THC) and the non-psychotomimetic constituent cannabidiol (CBD) were investigated with a battery of behavioural tests relevant to anxiety and positive, negative and cognitive symptoms of schizophrenia. Male adult C57BL/6JArc mice were given 21 daily intraperitoneal injections of vehicle, [...]
Lire la suiteThe cannabinoids : An overview. Therapeutic implications in vomiting and nausea after cancer chemotherapy, in appetite promotion, in multiple sclerosis and in neuroprotection R. Mechoulam PhD, L Hanus PhD Pain Research Management, 2001, 6, (2), 67-73. Doi : 10.1155/2001/183057 The present paper describes the historical use of cannabis, starting with its use in Assyria and China. Recent advances in the understanding of the molecular basis of cannabis action are explained, including the identification of the cannabinoid receptors CB1 and CB2, as well as the isolation of endogenous cannabinoids from the brain and periphery. The use of delta9-tetrahydrocannabinol as an antivomiting and antinausea drug for cancer [...]
Lire la suiteA reliable and validated LC-MS/MS method for the simultaneous quantification of 4 cannabinoids in 40 consumer products Qingfang Meng, Beth Buchanan, Jonathan Zuccolo, Mathieu-Marc Poulin, Joseph Gabriele, David Charles Baranowski PLoS ONE, 2018, 13, (5), e0196396. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0196396 Abstract In the past 50 years, Cannabis sativa (C. sativa) has gone from a substance essentially prohibited worldwide to one that is gaining acceptance both culturally and legally in many countries for medicinal and recreational use. As additional jurisdictions legalize Cannabis products and the variety and complexity of these products surpass the classical dried plant material, appropriate methods for measuring the biologically active constituents is paramount to ensure [...]
Lire la suiteIsolation of a High Affinity Cannabinoid for Human CB1 Receptor from a Medicinal Cannabis Variety: Δ9-Tetrahydrocannabutol, the Butyl Homologue of Δ9-Tetrahydrocannabinol Pasquale Linciano, Cinzia Citti, Livio Luongo, Carmela Belardo, Sabatino Maione, Maria Angela Vandelli, Flavio Forni, Giuseppe Gigli, Aldo Laganà, Carmela Maria Montone, Giuseppe Cannazza Journal of Natural Products, 2019 Dec 31. doi: 10.1021/acs.jnatprod.9b00876. Abstract The butyl homologues of Δ9-tetrahydrocannabinol, Δ9-tetrahydrocannabutol (Δ9-THCB), and cannabidiol, cannabidibutol (CBDB), were isolated from a medicinal Cannabis sativa variety (FM2) inflorescence. Appropriate spectroscopic and spectrometric characterization, including NMR, UV, IR, ECD, and HRMS, was carried out on both cannabinoids. The chemical structures and absolute configurations of the isolated cannabinoids were [...]
Lire la suiteCannabis thérapeutique : la France tente l’expérience Le Quotidien du Pharmacien, 6 janvier 2020 - N°3567 By Damien Coulomb https://reputation.kantar.com//Public/IndexReview?ticket=B0676A6A0861C43FAA8FF14D942445F772837649EBF3AE141B18755109B597E279FDFAD2E9DA3F6A339F855835E70A2BA4435547C70966B06357667834105870033911B7545D63C0FA495FAE3543451038F55FF11906571C7AF35F378C6A16BAD3ED49B0933F8B41D99A90532AE551334818943393DA3A4BB381D488EDF9A29E Le 3 décembre dernier, les députés adoptaient définitivement la loi de financement de la sécurité sociale 2020. Un des amendements du texte, proposé par le député de l'Isère Olivier Véran, inscrit dans la loi l’expérimentation du cannabis thérapeutique dans le traitement d’un certain nombre d’indications. À partir du premier semestre 2020, les patients Français pourront se voir prescrire du cannabis thérapeutique dans le cadre d’une expérimentation de 2 ans.Selon le descriptif fourni par le comité scientifique spécialisé temporaire (CSST) rassemblé par l’Agence nationale de [...]
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