Deconstructing Ecstasy : The Politics Of MDMA Research Charles S. Grob Addiction Research, 2000, 8, 6, 549-588 http://dx.doi.org/10.3109/16066350008998989 What is Ecstasy? Defined by the New Webster’s Dictionary as a state of intense overpowering emotion, a condition of exultation or mental rapture induced by beauty, music, artistic creation or the contemplation of the divine, ecstasy derives etymologically from the ancient Greek ekstasis, which means flight of the soul from the body. The anthropologist, Mircea Eliade, who explored the roots of religious experience in his book Shamanism: Archaic Techniques of Ecstasy, has described the function of this intense state of mind among aboriginal peoples. Select individuals are [...]
Lire la suiteREBUS and the Anarchic Brain: Toward a Unified Model of the Brain Action of Psychedelics R. L. Carhart-Harris and K. J. Friston Pharmacological Reviews, 2019, 71, 316–344 https://doi.org/10.1124/pr.118.017160 Significance Statement . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 317 I. Introduction. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . [...]
Lire la suiteSpectral signatures of serotonergic psychedelics and glutamatergic dissociatives Carla Pallavicini, Martina G. Vilas, Mirta Villarreal, Federico Zamberlan, Suresh Muthukumaraswamy, David Nutt, Robin Carhart-Harris, Enzo Tagliazucchi NeuroImage, 2019 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.neuroimage.2019.06.053 Abstract Classic serotonergic psychedelics are remarkable for their capacity to induce reversible alterations in consciousness of the self and the surroundings, mediated by agonism at serotonin 5-HT2A receptors. The subjective effects elicited by dissociative drugs acting as N-methyl-D-aspartate (NMDA) antagonists (e.g. ketamine and phencyclidine) overlap in certain domains with those of serotonergic psychedelics, suggesting some potential similarities in the brain activity patterns induced by both classes of drugs, despite different pharmacological mechanisms of action. We investigated source-localized [...]
Lire la suiteHallucinatory altered states of consciousness Levente Móró Phenomenology and the Cognitive Sciences, 2010, 9, 2, 241-252. http://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s11097-010-9162-2 DOI: 10.1007/s11097-010-9162-2 Abstract Altered states of consciousness (ASC), especially hallucinatory ones, are philosophically and scientifically interesting modes of operation of the mind–brain complex. However, classical definitions of ASC seem to capture only a few common characteristics of traditionally regarded phenomena, thus lacking exact classification criteria for assessing altered and baseline states. The current situation leads to a priority problem between phenomena-based definitions and definition-based selection. In order to solve the problem, this paper introduces a self-mapping procedure that is based on a three-part analysis on certain aspects of consciousness. [...]
Lire la suitePrevalence and epidemiological associates of novel psychedelic use in the United States adult population James D. Sexton, Michael S. Crawford, Noah W. Sweat, Allyson Varley , Emma E. Green and Peter S. Hendricks Journal of Psychopharmacology, 1-10 DOI : 10.1177/0269881119827796 journals.sagepub.com/home/jopract Abstract Background : Novel psychedelics approximate classic psychedelics, but unlike classic psychedelics, novel psychedelics have been used by humans for a shorter period of time, with fewer data available on these substances. Aims : The purpose of this study was to determine the prevalence of novel psychedelic use and the associations of novel psychedelic use with mental health outcomes. Methods : We estimated the prevalence of self-reported, [...]
Lire la suiteDisruptive Psychopharmacology Boris D. Heifets, MD, PhD1; Robert C. Malenka, MD, PhD2 JAMA Psychiatry. Published online June 26, 2019. doi:10.1001/jamapsychiatry.2019.1145 The paucity of medications with novel mechanisms for the treatment of mental illnesses combined with the delayed response to currently available medications has led to great excitement about the potential therapeutic utility of previously demonized drugs, which offer the hope of generating rapid symptom reductions in some of the sickest patients. Within the past 2 years, the US Food and Drug Administration approved esketamine for treatment-resistant depression and 2 compounds that are still on the US Drug Enforcement Administration’s most restrictive schedule, 3,4-methylenedioxymethamphetamine (MDMA) and psilocybin, [...]
Lire la suiteComparison of the behavioral effects of mescaline analogs using the head twitch response in mice Adam L. Halberstadt, Muhammad Chatha, Stephen J. Chapman and Simon D. Brandt Journal of Psychopharmacology, 2019, 1 –9 DOI: 10.1177/0269881119826610 journals.sagepub.com/home/jop Abstract Background : In recent years, there has been increasing scientific interest in the effects and pharmacology of serotonergic hallucinogens. While a large amount of experimental work has been conducted to characterize the behavioral response to hallucinogens in rodents, there has been little systematic investigation of mescaline and its analogs. The hallucinogenic potency of mescaline is increased by α-methylation and by homologation of the 4-methoxy group but it not clear [...]
Lire la suiteCannabis-induced altered states of consciousness are associated with specific dynamic brain connectivity states Zaytseva Y; Horáček J; Hlinka J; Fajnerová I; Androvičová R; Tintěra J; Salvi V; Balíková M; Hložek T; Španiel F; Páleníček T Journal of Psychopharmacology, 2019, 33, 7, 811-821 Research Article doi: 10.1177/0269881119849814. Abstract : Background : Cannabis, and specifically one of its active compounds delta-9-tetrahydrocannabinol in recreational doses, has a variety of effects on cognitive processes. Most studies employ resting state functional magnetic resonance imaging techniques to assess the stationary effects of cannabis and to-date one report addressed the impact of delta-9-tetrahydrocannabinol on the dynamics of whole-brain functional connectivity. Methods : Using a [...]
Lire la suiteDiscriminative Stimulus Effects of Psychostimulants and Hallucinogens in S()-3,4-Methylene-dioxy-meth amphetamine (MDMA) and R()-MDMA Trained Mice K. S. Murnane, N. Murai, L. L. Howell, and W. E. Fantegrossi THE JOURNAL OF PHARMACOLOGY AND EXPERIMENTAL THERAPEUTICS, 2009, Vol. 331, No. 2 Copyright © 2009 by The American Society for Pharmacology and Experimental Therapeutics 156174/3525473 JPET 331:717–723, 2009 Preliminary findings from these experiments were previously presented as follows : Murnane K.S., 2008 Expérimentalement Biology Meeting; San Diego, CA. doi:10.1124/jpet.109.156174. ABSTRACT 3,4-Methylenedioxymethamphetamine (MDMA) is a substituted phenethylamine more commonly known as the drug of abuse “ecstasy.” The acute and persistent neurochemical effects of MDMA in the mice are distinct from those in [...]
Lire la suiteDream over life : Psychedelic terphenyl derivative induce hallucination via cannabinoid receptor 1 F.A. Fauzi, M.S. Goh, S.A.T.T. Johari, F. Hashim, M.F.N. Hassim The International Fundamentum Sciences Symposium 2018 IOP Publishing IOP Conf. Series: Materials Science and Engineering 440 (2018) 012045 doi:10.1088/1757-899X/440/1/012045 Abstract. For ages, natural psychedelic resources have been used by ancient tribes for religious inspiration. In modern medicine, these compounds were prescribed to relieve severe distress and depression on cancer patients. Despite medical benefit, abuse of these compounds have become prevalent in our modern society. These compounds usually interacted withcannabinoid receptor 1 (CNR1) on neuron cell causing hallucination, and on other cell-types. In this [...]
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