Catégorie : Neurobiologie

Early Consumption of Cannabinoids : From Adult Neurogenesis to Behavior, Citlalli Netzahualcoyotzi et al., 2021

Early Consumption of Cannabinoids : From Adult Neurogenesis to Behavior Citlalli Netzahualcoyotzi, Luis Miguel Rodríguez-Serrano, María Elena Chávez-Hernández and Mario Humberto Buenrostro-Jáuregui International Journal of Molecular Sciences, 2021, 22, 7450. doi : 10.3390/ijms22147450   Abstract The endocannabinoid system (ECS) is a crucial modulatory system in which interest has been increasing, particularly regarding the regulation of behavior and neuroplasticity. The adolescent–young adulthood phase of development comprises a critical period in the maturation of the nervous system and the ECS. Neurogenesis occurs in discrete regions of the adult brain, and this process is linked to the modulation of some behaviors. Since marijuana (cannabis) is the most consumed illegal [...]

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Cannabinoid Addiction: Behavioral Models and Neural Correlates, Rafael Maldonado et al., 2002

Cannabinoid Addiction: Behavioral Models and Neural Correlates Rafael Maldonado and Fernando Rodriguez de Fonseca The Journal of Neuroscience, 2002, 22, (9), 3326–3331. Abstract The use of cannabis sativa preparations as recreational drugs can be traced back to the earliest civilizations. However, animal models of cannabinoid addiction allowing the exploration of neural correlates of cannabinoid abuse have been developed only recently. We review these models and the role of the CB1 cannabinoid receptor, the main target of natural cannabinoids, and its interaction with opioid and dopamine transmission in reward circuits. Extensive reviews on the molecular basis of cannabinoid action are available elsewhere (Piomelli et al., [...]

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Cannabinoid modulation of drug reward and the implications of marijuana legalization, Dan P. Covey et al., 2015

Cannabinoid modulation of drug reward and the implications of marijuana legalization Dan P. Covey, Jennifer M. Wenzel, and Joseph F. Cheer Brain Research, 2015  1628, 233–243. doi : 10.1016/j.brainres.2014.11.034.   Abstract Marijuana is the most popular illegal drug worldwide. Recent trends indicate that this may soon change; not due to decreased marijuana use, but to an amendment in marijuana’s illegal status. The cannabinoid type 1 (CB1) receptor mediates marijuana’s psychoactive and reinforcing properties. CB1 receptors are also part of the brain endocannabinoid (eCB) system and support numerous forms of learning and memory, including the conditioned reinforcing properties of cues predicting reward or punishment. This is accomplished [...]

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Cannabinoids and the endocannabinoid system in reward processing and addiction: from mechanisms to interventions, Rainer Spanagel, 2020

Cannabinoids and the endocannabinoid system in reward processing and addiction: from mechanisms to interventions Rainer Spanagel, PhD Dialogues in Clinical Neuroscience, 2020, 22, (3), 241-250. doi : 10.31887/DCNS.2020.22.3/rspanagel   The last decades have seen a major gain in understanding the action of cannabinoids and the endocannabinoid system in reward processing and the development of addictive behavior. Cannabis-derived psychoactive compounds such as Δ9-tetrahydrocannabinol and synthetic cannabinoids directly interact with the reward system and thereby have addictive properties. Cannabinoids induce their reinforcing properties by an increase in tonic dopamine levels through a cannabinoid type 1 (CB1) receptor–dependent mechanism within the ventral tegmental area. Cues that are conditioned [...]

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The (Poly)Pharmacology of Cannabidiol in Neurological and Neuropsychiatric Disorders : Molecular Mechanisms and Targets, Rosa Maria Vitale et al., 2021

The (Poly)Pharmacology of Cannabidiol in Neurological and Neuropsychiatric Disorders: Molecular Mechanisms and Targets Rosa Maria Vitale, Fabio Arturo Iannotti and Pietro Amodeo International journal of Molecular Sciences, 2021, 22, 4876, 1-20. Doi : 10.3390/ijms22094876   Abstract : Cannabidiol (CBD), the major nonpsychoactive Cannabis constituent, has been proposed for the treatment of a wide panel of neurological and neuropsychiatric disorders, including anxiety, schizophrenia, epilepsy and drug addiction due to the ability of its versatile scaffold to interact with diverse molecular targets that are not restricted to the endocannabinoid system. Albeit the molecular mechanisms responsible for the therapeutic effects of CBD have yet to be fully elucidated, many [...]

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Cannabidiol as a treatment for craving and relapse inindividuals with cocaine use disorder: a randomizedplacebo-controlled trial, Violaine Mongeau-Pérusse, et al., 2021

Cannabidiol as a treatment for craving and relapse inindividuals with cocaine use disorder: a randomized placebo-controlled trial Violaine Mongeau-Pérusse, Suzanne Brissette, Julie Bruneau, Patricia Conrod, Simon Dubreucq, Guillaume Gazil, EmmanuelStip & DidierJutras-Aswad Addiction, 2021, 116, (9), 1-12. Doi : 10.1111/add.15417   ABSTRACT Background and Aims : Cocaine use disorder (CUD) is a significant public health concern for which no efficacious phar-macologicalinterventionsare available. Cannabidiol (CBD) has attracted considerable interest as a promisingtreatmentforaddiction. This study tested CBD efficacy for reducing craving and preventing relapse in people with CUD.DesignSingle-site double-blind randomized controlled superiority trial comparing CBD with placebo. Setting and Participants : Centre Hospitalier de l’Université de Montréal, Canada. Seventy-eight [...]

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Role of Cannabidiol in the Therapeutic Intervention for Substance Use Disorders, Francisco Navarrete et al., 2021

Role of Cannabidiol in the Therapeutic Intervention for Substance Use Disorders Francisco Navarrete, María Salud García-Gutiérrez, Ani Gasparyan, Amaya Austrich-Olivares and Jorge Manzanares Frontiers in Pharmacology, 2021, 12, Article 696010, 1-24. Doi : 10.3389/fphar.2021.626010   Drug treatments available for the management of substance use disorders (SUD) present multiple limitations in efficacy, lack of approved treatments or alarming relapse rates. These facts hamper the clinical outcome and the quality of life of the patients supporting the importance to develop new pharmacological agents. Lately, several reports suggest that cannabidiol (CBD) presents beneficial effects relevant for the management of neurological disorders such as epilepsy, multiple sclerosis, Parkinson’s, or [...]

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CB2 Receptor Involvement in the Treatment of Substance Use Disorders, Francisco Navarrete et al., 2021

CB2 Receptor Involvement in the Treatment of Substance Use Disorders Francisco Navarrete, María S. García-Gutiérrez, Ani Gasparyan, Daniela Navarro and Jorge Manzanares Biomolecules, 2021, 11, 1556, 1-18. Doi : 10.3390/biom11111556   Abstract The pharmacological modulation of the cannabinoid receptor 2 (CB2r) has emerged as a promising potential therapeutic option in addiction. The purpose of this review was to determine the functional involvement of CB2r in the effects produced by drugs of abuse at the central nervous system (CNS) level by assessing evidence from preclinical and clinical studies. In rodents, several reports suggest the functional involvement of CB2r in the effects produced by drugs of abuse such [...]

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Involvement of the endocannabinoid system in drug addiction, Rafael Maldonado et al., 2006

Involvement of the endocannabinoid system in drug addiction, Rafael Maldonado, Olga Valverde and Fernando Berrendero Trends in Neurosciences, 2006, 29, (4), 225-232. Doi : 10.1016/j.tins.2006.01.008   Recent studies have shown that the endocannabinoid system is involved in the common neurobiological mechanism underlying drug addiction. This system participates in the primary rewarding effects of cannabinoids, nicotine, alcohol and opioids, through the release of endocannabinoids in the ventral tegmental area. Endocannabinoids are also involved in the motivation to seek drugs by a dopamine-independent mechanism, demonstrated for psychostimulants and opioids. The endocannabinoid system also participates in the common mechanisms underlying relapse to drugseeking behaviour by mediating the motivational effects [...]

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Molecular and Functional Imaging Studies of Psychedelic Drug Action in Animals and Humans, Paul Cumming et al., 2021

Molecular and Functional Imaging Studies of Psychedelic Drug Action in Animals and Humans Paul Cumming, Milan Scheidegger, Dario Dornbierer, Mikael Palner, Boris B. Quednow and Chantal Martin-Soelch Molecules, 2021, 26, 2451 doi : 10.3390/molecules26092451   Abstract : Hallucinogens are a loosely defined group of compounds including LSD, N,Ndimethyltryptamines, mescaline, psilocybin/psilocin, and 2,5-dimethoxy-4-methamphetamine (DOM), which can evoke intense visual and emotional experiences. We are witnessing a renaissance of research interest in hallucinogens, driven by increasing awareness of their psychotherapeutic potential. As such, we now present a narrative review of the literature on hallucinogen binding in vitro and ex vivo, and the various molecular imaging studies with positron [...]

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